Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in different water resources by Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)

Gallas-Lindemann, Carmen; Sotiriadou, Isaia; Mahmoodi, Mohammad Reza; Karanis, Panagiotis

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.10.007

Cited by 55 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, these Malaysian pregnant women had no contacts with cats (their own or stray cats), soils or did not lives on a farm. Meanwhile, many studies are being conducted on waterborne toxoplasmosis in recent years [38][39][40][41], highlighting the possibility of T. gondii transmission by the usage of oocysts contaminated water, especially for drinking purpose, but these reports contradict our finding on high Toxoplasma seropositivity in Malaysian pregnant women drinking treated water. There could be other confounding factors leading to the findings in this study and there is a need for further investigations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women

Andiappan

Nissapatorn

Sawangjaroen

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women

Andiappan

Nissapatorn

Sawangjaroen

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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“…All animals were determined as having a chronic infection. T. gondii antibody titers remain detectable for months or years, and high titers can occur during continuous exposure to the source of infection (Gallas-Lindemann et al, 2013), i.e. oocysts on the ground.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the positive paddocks presented a low parasite load, which probably impaired the success of genotyping, but not for the transmission. One hypothesis for the presence of oocysts on the paddocks is the access of infected domestic or wild felids to the paddocks, which strongly contributes to dissemination of the infection by shedding oocysts to the soil (Gallas-Lindemann et al, 2013). Another hypothesis is the dissemination of sporulated oocysts by wild animals, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors and molecular typing of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from ostriches (Struthio camelus) from a Brazilian slaughterhouse

Silva

Langoni

2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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Toxoplasma gondii has a worldwide distribution with different genotypes reported in animals and humans. The parasite is of great importance to food production and public health, highlighted by the high diversity of hosts, i.e. ostriches. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in ostriches from a Brazilian slaughterhouse, the genotype, and the associated risk factors. T. gondii antibodies were detected in 38/344 (11.05%) serum samples using the modified agglutination test using formalin-fixed tachyzoites (MAT-HS); the parasite was isolated from 14/38 (36.84%) ostrich brain samples using the mouse bioassay; and the DNA was detected from 25/38 (65.79%), using PCR. In farms, the water tank was considered the main risk factor (OR=141.87; p-value<0.05), and oocysts were detected in 30% (6/20) in soil of paddocks before animals were slaughtered (1st sampling), and 40% (8/20) one-year after (2nd sampling) using microscopy and PCR. Non-ostrich fecal samples on the ground resulted negative. Bioassay isolation was confirmed by PCR. All PCR positive samples were sequenced and resulted in 100% homology to Toxoplasma gondii repetitive DNA sequence (GenBank access number EF648168-1). These samples were also typed through RFLP-PCR using 11 markers: SAG1, SAG2 (5'-3'SAG2 and alt.SAG2), SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, c22-8, c29-6, PK1, Apico and CS3. Two isolates had a complete genotype, typed from the ostrich tissue. In ostrich samples, the parasite load ranged from 19,043 (TgOsBr1, avirulent) to 54,829 parasitesmL(-1) (TgOsBr2, virulent) using qPCR, whereas soil samples ranged from 11 to 2,275 parasitesmL(-1). Both typed isolates resulted on atypical clones, one previously reported to cause congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazilian patients (TgOsBr1, ToxoDB #206). Thus, these findings support the occurrence of T. gondii in slaughtered ostriches from Brazil, ostriches as sentinel for environmental contamination with T. gondii, the genotypic variability in Brazilian isolates, and the first isolation and genotyping of T. gondii from Brazilian slaughtered ostriches.

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“…Premixed automated LAMP-based assays also show promise for the highly sensitive detection of Toxoplasma oocysts in water samples boasting a higher sensitivity for the detection of oocysts compared with nested PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy (Gallas-Lindemann et al, 2013). Similar LAMP assays have been developed for the detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia (Plutzer and Karanis, 2009;Bakheit et al, 2008).…”

Section: Molecular-based Methods For the Direct Detection Of Parasitementioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnostic methods

Traub

Cuttell

2015

Foodborne Parasites in the Food Supply Web

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in different water resources by Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)

Cited by 55 publications

References 39 publications

Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women

Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women

Risk factors and molecular typing of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from ostriches (Struthio camelus) from a Brazilian slaughterhouse

Laboratory diagnostic methods

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