Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water: proposition of a strategy and evaluation in Champagne-Ardenne Region, France

Aubert, Dominique; Villena, Isabelle

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000200023

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Abdelzaher et al (2010) found Giardia cysts in water and Cryptosporidium oocysts in sand when the highest levels of indicator microbes were detected. In a study carried out in Champagne-Ardenne Region, France, T. gondii DNA was detected in several environmental samples (underground water, raw surface water) including public drinking water (Aubert and Villena, 2009). No records were found of detecting T. gondii in beach sand.…”

Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

Sabino

Rodrigues

Costa

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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Beaches worldwide provide recreational opportunities to hundreds of millions of people and serve as important components of coastal economies. Beach water is often monitored for microbiological quality to detect the presence of indicators of human sewage contamination so as to prevent public health outbreaks associated with water contact. However, growing evidence suggests that beach sand can harbor microbes harmful to human health, often in concentrations greater than the beach water. Currently, there are no standards for monitoring, sampling, analyzing, or managing beach sand quality. In addition to indicator microbes, growing evidence has identified pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi in a variety of beach sands worldwide. The public health threat associated with these populations through direct and indirect contact is unknown because so little research has been conducted relating to health outcomes associated with sand quality. In this manuscript, we present the consensus findings of a workshop of experts convened in Lisbon, Portugal to discuss the current state of knowledge on beach sand microbiological quality and to develop suggestions for standardizing the evaluation of sand at coastal beaches. The expert group at the "Microareias 2012" workshop recommends that 1) beach sand should be screened for a variety of pathogens harmful to human health, and sand monitoring should then be initiated alongside regular water monitoring; 2) sampling and analysis protocols should be standardized to allow proper comparisons among beach locations; and 3) further studies are needed to estimate human health risk with exposure to contaminated beach sand. Much of the manuscript is focused on research specific to Portugal, but similar results have been found elsewhere, and the findings have worldwide implications.

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Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

Sabino

Rodrigues

Costa

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Tissue cysts are responsible for meat-borne infection (pork, lamb, beef or poultry are possible source of contamination), while sporulated oocysts lead to infection by ingesting particles of soil (after gardening for example) or by consuming unwashed raw fruits or vegetables, or untreated water [2,145,173,174,175]. However, the crucial question of the relative part of risk related to bradyzoits versus oocysts remains open.…”

Section: Conclusion: Consequences For the Management Of Zoonotic Tranmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii in the Natural Environment

Gilot‐Fromont¹,

Lélu

Dardé

et al. 2012

Toxoplasmosis - Recent Advances

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“…In addition, in the majority of the parasitic outbreaks reported, the water quality is in compliance with coliform bacteria standards. According to Aubert & Villena (2009) Gamba et al 2000;Farias et al 2002;Hachich et al 2004). Hachich et al (2004), in a two years monitoring program, found cysts in 27% and oocysts in 2.5% of surface water Currently, a major challenge on producing high-quality drinking water is to monitor waterborne pathogens such as Cryptosporidium spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in surface water supply of Campinas, Southeast Brazil

Neto¹,

Santos

Sato

et al. 2010

Water Science and Technology

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Surface water contaminated by domestic sewage discharges is a potential source of pathogens, including protozoa. During 2005-2006, the source water (Atibaia River) of the Surface Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of Campinas city, São Paulo, Brazil was sampled to obtain an assessment of Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentrations. Calcium carbonate flocculation (CCF) and membrane filtration (MF) concentration techniques, with and without purification by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) were evaluated. The cysts and oocysts were detected by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and confirmed by differential interference contrast (DIC). Membrane filtration method generally produced higher recovery efficiency. Giardia spp. was detected in 87.5% of the water samples analyzed with densities ranging from 2.5 to 120 cysts per L. Cryptosporidium spp were detected in 62.5% and the concentrations ranged from 15 to 60 oocysts per L. Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentrations detected in this study were elevated and are associated with discharge of untreated sewage in Atibaia River. Measures should be taken to protect surface water from sources of contamination.

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water: proposition of a strategy and evaluation in Champagne-Ardenne Region, France

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

The Life Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii in the Natural Environment

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in surface water supply of Campinas, Southeast Brazil

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