Detection of virulence factors of Escherichia coli focused on prevalence of EAST1 toxin in stool of diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets and presence of adhesion involving virulence factors in astA positive strains

Zajacova, Z. Sramkova; Konstantinova, L.; Alexa, P.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.07.029

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…This study revealed the presence of ETEC in nondiarrheic pigs in different production stages. The overall prevalence of animals carrying eltA, estI, or both was 15.2%, which appears to be lower than that reported in animals with clinical diarrhea (Vidotto et al, 2009;Zajacova et al, 2012). In this study, the percentage of ETEC + nondiarrheic piglets during the lactation period was 16.6%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coliSubclinical Infection in Pigs: Bacteriological and Genotypic Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Moredo

Piñeyro

Márquez

et al. 2015

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the major pathogen responsible for neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, and edema disease in pigs. Although it can be harmless, ETEC is also present in the intestines of other animal species and humans, causing occasional diarrhea outbreaks. The evaluation of this pathogen's presence in food sources is becoming an increasingly important issue in human health. In order to determine the prevalence of ETEC in nondiarrheic pigs, 990 animals from 11 pig farms were sampled. Using end-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), eltA, estI genes, or both, were detected in 150 (15.2%) animals. From the positive samples, 40 (26.6%) ETEC strains were isolated, showing 19 antibiotic-resistance patterns; 52.5% of these strains had multiple antibiotic resistances, and 17.5% carried the intI2 gene. The most prevalent genotypes were rfb(O157)/estII/aidA (32.5%) and estI/estII (25.0%). The estII gene was identified most frequently (97.5%), followed by estI (37.5%), astA (20.0%), and eltA (12.5%). The genes coding the fimbriae F5, F6, and F18 were detected in three single isolates. The aidA gene was detected in 20 ETEC strains associated with the estII gene. Among the isolated ETEC strains, stx(2e)/estI, stx(2e)/estI/estII, and stx(2e)/estI/estII/intI2 genotypes were identified. The ETEC belonged to 12 different serogroups; 37.5% of them belonged to serotype O157:H19. Isolates were grouped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR into 5 clusters with 100.0% similarity. In this study, we demonstrated that numerous ETEC genotypes cohabit and circulate in swine populations without clinical manifestation of neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, or edema disease in different production stages. The information generated is important not only for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes, but also for understanding the dynamics and ecology of ETEC in pigs in different production stages that can be potentially transmitted to humans from food animals.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coliSubclinical Infection in Pigs: Bacteriological and Genotypic Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Moredo

Piñeyro

Márquez

et al. 2015

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…Vu-Khac et al detected EAST1 genes in 65% of E. coli isolates from diarrhoeic piglets vs. 27% of isolates from non-diarrhoeic ones [19]. Other studies did not find any association between the detection of EAST1 and diarrhoea [20–22]. Previous studies on AIDA-1 found a quite low prevalence (3–17%) in isolates from diarrhoeic suckling piglets [20, 21, 23–25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoea in neonatal piglets: a case control study on microbiological findings

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMany factors can influence the occurrence of neonatal diarrhoea in piglets. Currently, well-known pathogens such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens type C appear to play a minor role in development of disease. Other infectious pathogens may be involved. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of selected infectious pathogens in neonatal piglets with clinical and pathological signs of enteric disease. The association between rotavirus A, Enterococcus hirae, Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens type A/C and diarrhoea was investigated in a case control study on piglet level. The possible role of E. coli virulence factors was investigated in a multistep-procedure using herd-pools of E.coli isolates to screen for their presence.ResultsRotavirus A was detected more often in cases (25%) than in controls (6%) (P < 0.001). The detection rate of Enterococcus hirae, Clostridium difficile and C. perfringens type A positive for beta2 genes was the same in the two groups of piglets. C. perfringens type C was not detected in the study. Investigations on E. coli virulence factors showed a high prevalence of EAST1 toxin genes (55% of tested case piglets were positive) and AIDA-1 adhesin genes (63% of toxin positive case piglets were positive) in case piglets.ConclusionsDetection of rotavirus A was statistically significantly associated with neonatal piglet diarrhoea.An aetiologic role of E. coli carrying virulence factors EAST1 and AIDA-1 needs further investigation as the study points out these two factors as possible causative factors in neonatal diarrhoea.Detection of E.hirae, C.difficile and C. perfringens type A carrying beta 2 genes was not associated with neonatal piglet diarrhoea. However, the study suggested that massive overgrowth by E. hirae could be part of the pathogenesis in some cases of neonatal diarrhoea.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40813-018-0094-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…However, it does not hybridize with STa-specific DNA probes nor reacts with anti-STa antibodies (293). EAST1 is widespread among porcine ETEC in various countries (411–416). This toxin is not well characterized both in terms of function and contribution to ETEC-mediated disease.…”

Section: East1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

2016

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of E. coli diarrhea in farm animals. ETEC are characterized by the ability to produce two types of virulence factors; adhesins that promote binding to specific enterocyte receptors for intestinal colonization and enterotoxins responsible for fluid secretion. The best-characterized adhesins are expressed in the context of fimbriae, such as the F4 (also designated K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F17 and F18 fimbriae. Once established in the animal small intestine, ETEC produces enterotoxin(s) that lead to diarrhea. The enterotoxins belong to two major classes; heat-labile toxin that consist of one active and five binding subunits (LT), and heat-stable toxins that are small polypeptides (STa, STb, and EAST1). This chapter describes the disease and pathogenesis of animal ETEC, the corresponding virulence genes and protein products of these bacteria, their regulation and targets in animal hosts, as well as mechanisms of action. Furthermore, vaccines, inhibitors, probiotics and the identification of potential new targets identified by genomics are presented in the context of animal ETEC.

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Detection of virulence factors of Escherichia coli focused on prevalence of EAST1 toxin in stool of diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets and presence of adhesion involving virulence factors in astA positive strains

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coliSubclinical Infection in Pigs: Bacteriological and Genotypic Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coliSubclinical Infection in Pigs: Bacteriological and Genotypic Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Diarrhoea in neonatal piglets: a case control study on microbiological findings

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

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