Detection of Virus SARS-CoV-2 Using a Surface Plasmon Resonance Device Based on BiFeO3-Graphene Layers

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak is being investigated by severe respirational syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a global health issue. It is crucial to propose sensitive and rapid coronavirus detectors. Herein, we propose a biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPRE) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. To achieve improved sensitivity, a BiFeO 3 layer is inserted between a metal (Ag) thin film and a graphene layer in the proposed SPRE device so that it has the structure BK7 prism/ Ag/ BiFeO 3 / graphene/ analyte. It has been demonstrated that a small variation in the refractive index of the analyte can cause a considerable shift in the resonance angle caused by the remarkable dielectric properties of the BiFeO 3 layer, which include a high index of refraction and low loss. The proposed device has shown an extremely high sensitivity of 293 deg/RIU by optimizing the thicknesses of Ag, BiFeO 3 , and the number of graphene sheets. The proposed SPRE-based sensor is encouraging for use in various sectors of biosensing because of its high sensitivity.

Multi-modal flexible and inexpensive plasmonic metasurface for wide range of refractive index sensing

“…The RI of the sensing region over the sensor surface can be defined as n = 1.334 + ∆ n b where 1.334 is the RI of PBS (pH 7.4) and ∆ n b varies based on the interaction of the analyte with the ligands on the sensor surface and the concentration of the virus present in the analyte. Different concentrations of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in mM (0 mM, 150 mM, 275 mM, 400 mM, and 525 mM) levels present in the PBS solution can change the RI from 1.334 to 1.355 [25,41] over the sensor surface.…”

“…The highlight of this plasmonic metasurface is that it is useful for a wide range of RI sensing. As example, we demonstrate that this plasmonic metasurface is useful for (i) gas sensing in the low-index range, (ii) detecting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in millimolar (mM) concentration in the intermediate-index range [25] and (iii) distinguishing between normal and aberrant brain cell tissue, in the high-index range [26,27] through numerical calculations. Thus, we establish that a cost-effective fabrication method combined with low-cost master and very thin film of metal can give a performance that is extraordinary due to the very wide range of RI detection.…”

Graphene-based biosensors for detecting coronavirus: a brief review

“…114 Captivatingly, the plasmonic-graphene biosensor with a four-layer configuration (Al, Au, SiO 2 , and graphene) can detect SARS-CoV-2 with a sensitivity of 664.8 nm RIU −1 according to Negahdar et al 's work. 115 In the case of Taya et al 's contribution, 116 their SPR sensor is composed of three layers: Ag, BiFeO 3 , and graphene. Here, the insertion of BiFeO 3 into the layered structure affords not only a high refractive index and low loss but also an extremely high sensitivity of 293 deg RIU −1 .…”