Detection ofHelicobacter species in the liver of patients with and without primary liver carcinoma

Avenaud, Philippe; Marais, Armelle; Monteiro, Lurdes; Bail, Brigitte Le; Sage, Paulette Bioulac; Balabaud, Charles; M�graud, Francis

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20001001)89:7<1431::aid-cncr4>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 118 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Basic nucleotide BLAST alignment (Blastn) of this sequence demonstrated complete homology with 74 H. pylori strains, two H. nemestrinae and four Helicobacter sp. “liver” (that were subsequently found to be indistinguishable from H. pylori [26], [27]), and 17 uncultured Helicobacter species. Sequences of these uncultured Helicobacter species had been determined from biopsies from human esophageal carcinoma or inflamed colon [28], from the stomach of cheetahs [a carnivore that is frequently colonized by the closest H. pylori relative, H. acinonychis [29]], or from the stomach of thoroughbred horses [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We observed 100% homology with 136 H. pylori strains, three H. nemestrinae and four Helicobacter sp. “liver” (that are, in fact, H. pylori [26], [27]), one H. acinonychis [29] and 37 uncultured Helicobacter species (isolated from human esophageal carcinoma, inflamed colon, or liver [28], [31], from seven cheetahs, and from a tiger). In addition, two H. pylori 16S RNA sequences (AY057935 and AY057936) showing a low homology (91% and 97%, respectively) with the 76-bp nucleotide sequence were isolates referred to the genomic sequences of the H. pylori strains 26695 and J99 in the ATCC catalog.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four other strains are published in GenBank as Helicobacter sp. “liver” (AF142583 and AF142585) although a subsequent phylogenetic study suggested that they are, in fact, H. pylori [26]. Five other sequences correspond to those of H. pylori –like DNA extracted from the liver of patients with hepatitis C [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific and Sensitive Detection of H. pylori in Biological Specimens by Real-Time RT-PCR and In Situ Hybridization

et al. 2008

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PCR detection of H. pylori in biological specimens is rendered difficult by the extensive polymorphism of H. pylori genes and the suppressed expression of some genes in many strains. The goal of the present study was to (1) define a domain of the 16S rRNA sequence that is both highly conserved among H. pylori strains and also specific to the species, and (2) to develop and validate specific and sensitive molecular methods for the detection of H. pylori. We used a combination of in silico and molecular approaches to achieve sensitive and specific detection of H. pylori in biologic media. We sequenced two isolates from patients living in different continents and demonstrated that a 546-bp domain of the H. pylori 16S rRNA sequence was conserved in those strains and in published sequences. Within this conserved sequence, we defined a 229-bp domain that is 100% homologous in most H. pylori strains available in GenBank and also is specific for H. pylori. This sub-domain was then used to design (1) a set of high quality RT-PCR primers and probe that encompassed a 76-bp sequence and included at least two mismatches with other Helicobacter sp. 16S rRNA; and (2) in situ hybridization antisense probes. The sensitivity and specificity of the approaches were then demonstrated by using gastric biopsy specimens from patients and rhesus monkeys. This H. pylori-specific region of the 16S rRNA sequence is highly conserved among most H. pylori strains and allows specific detection, identification, and quantification of this bacterium in biological specimens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific and Sensitive Detection of H. pylori in Biological Specimens by Real-Time RT-PCR and In Situ Hybridization

et al. 2008

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“…Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastric cancers and has been classified as a type I carcinogen by the World Health Organization [60]. There is growing evidence that other gastric Helicobacter species may be associated with chronic liver diseases in humans, including chronic hepatitis, liver carcinoma, chronic cholecystitis, and cholangiocarcinoma [61,62]. …”

Section: Role Of Cdt As Virulence Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of the Cytolethal Distending Toxins

Guerra

Cortes-Bratti

Guidi

et al. 2011

Toxins

120

149

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The cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), produced by a variety of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, are the first bacterial genotoxins described, since they cause DNA damage in the target cells. CDT is an A-B2 toxin, where the CdtA and CdtC subunits are required to mediate the binding on the surface of the target cells, allowing internalization of the active CdtB subunit, which is functionally homologous to the mammalian deoxyribonuclease I. The nature of the surface receptor is still poorly characterized, however binding of CDT requires intact lipid rafts, and its internalization occurs via dynamin-dependent endocytosis. The toxin is retrograde transported through the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum, and subsequently translocated into the nuclear compartment, where it exerts the toxic activity. Cellular intoxication induces DNA damage and activation of the DNA damage responses, which results in arrest of the target cells in the G1 and/or G2 phases of the cell cycle and activation of DNA repair mechanisms. Cells that fail to repair the damage will senesce or undergo apoptosis. This review will focus on the well-characterized aspects of the CDT biology and discuss the questions that still remain unanswered.

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“…[2] Some studies have suggested that H. pylori infection could be a risk factor for chronic diseases of the liver and biliary tract, such as chronic cholecystitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. [345678] Animal studies have shown that H. pylori can exist in the liver and gallbladder cells. [910] and can cause mild to moderate the multifocal hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on liver enzymes in patients referring with unexplained hypertransaminasemia

et al. 2014

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Background:Evidence has shown an association of Helicobacter pylori infection with liver dysfunction and damage. We investigated if H. pylori eradication affects liver enzymes in patients referring with unexplained hypertransaminasemia.Materials and Methods:Patients with mild unexplained hypertransaminasemia accompanied with dyspepsia and confirmed H. pylori infection were studied. Viral, metabolic, autoimmune, and drug/toxin induced hepatitis as well as fatty liver were all ruled-out by appropriate tests. Patients received bismuth-containing quadruple-therapy for 2 weeks. Serum levels of liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and successful eradication (with stool antigen test) were evaluated 4 weeks after the medication.Results:A total number of 107 patients (55 males, mean age = 35.0 ± 8.4 years) were studied. Eradication was successful in 93 patients (86.9%). Serum levels of AST (6.3 ± 19.6 IU/L, P = 0.002) and ALT (7.8 ± 24.9 IU/L, P = 0.001) were significantly decreased after eradication. Levels of AST and ALT decreased to normal range respectively in 46.6% and 45.7% of the cases who had baseline levels above the normal range.Conclusion:This study showed a decrease in liver enzymes after receiving eradication regimen of H. pylori, suggesting a role for H. pylori infection in at least some of patients with mild unexplained hypertransaminasemia. Further studies are warranted to find the underlying mechanisms by which H. pylori infection affects the liver and clinical importance of such effects.

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Detection ofHelicobacter species in the liver of patients with and without primary liver carcinoma

Cited by 118 publications

References 40 publications

Specific and Sensitive Detection of H. pylori in Biological Specimens by Real-Time RT-PCR and In Situ Hybridization

Specific and Sensitive Detection of H. pylori in Biological Specimens by Real-Time RT-PCR and In Situ Hybridization

The Biology of the Cytolethal Distending Toxins

The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on liver enzymes in patients referring with unexplained hypertransaminasemia

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