DETECTION THE ACCUMULATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) IN TISSUES OF ARABIBARBUS GRYPUS COLLECTED FROM TIGRIS RIVER , IRAQ

Abstract

The present study was aimed to detect the accumulative effect of polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) in Arabibarbus grypus collecting along the Tigris River Southern of Baghdad City. A total of 130 specimens were taken from three sites in Al-Zafaranyia City from the period between Summer 2020 until Spring 2021.Results of statistical analysis for total PAHs at S3 showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to S1 and S2 for all seasons. Results revealed that the total concentrations of PAHs in both muscles and gills in A.grypus were 57.79, 86.50, 76.90 and 58.20 µg /g during summer, autumn, winter and spring respectively at S1, while at S2 were 83.60, 121.18, 166.90 and 119.90 µg /g during summer, autumn, winter and spring respectively, as well as in S3 the total concentration of PAHs were 139.08, 140.40, 192.70 and 158.80 µg /g during summer, autumn, winter and spring respectively.The highest values of PAHs were recorded during winter at all sites of collection sample either in water or fish, while the lowest values of PAHs were recorded during summer. It can be concluded that the higher concentration of PAHs in fish gills and muscle was recorded at S3 which could be due to its richness of human activities (e.g. industrial, agriculture, urban),have accumulated in sediments which high PAHs compared to S1 and S2.

Assessment of Hydrocarbons (Aromatic and Aliphatic) and Identification of their Origins in the Soil of Areas Near Oil Fields in Southern Iraq

“…This pollution also arises from incidents involving pipelines and leaks during oil transportation and extraction. Additionally, it is associated with gases resulting from incomplete fuel combustion, especially the gas accompanying the burning of oil in burners, as well as the smoke produced by engines, the combustion of diesel fuel, and electric generators [15][16][17][18], Winds also play an important role in transporting these pollutants to other areas [30].…”

“…Leakages, oil spills, and incidental accidents that occur during various stages of dealing with crude oil, starting from exploration, production, refining, transportation, storage, and usage, lead to environmental pollution. The introduction of hydrocarbon compounds into the environment, whether accidentally or due to human activities, has negative effects on environmental elements in various ways, causing different damages to soil and living organisms in the ecosystem [4][5], Aromatic hydrocarbons increase in winter and decrease in summer as a result of increasing temperatures that decompose these compounds [17][18][19][20]. Pollutant particles can have as a consequence reduction of biodiversity and quality of water, soil, and whole ecosystems, and mentioned that the pollution of soil adjacent to industrial facilities and the resulting pollution can accumulate on the surface of the soil, causing an increase in its concentration on the surface [19][20][21].…”

“…The higher the molecular weight of these compounds, the more challenging their dissolution and decomposition become in the soil. They adhere to soil particles, and as a result, their concentrations in the soil are higher than in the water [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”