Detergent Action of Soaps

Detergency of Alkaline Salt Solution

“…It ivas adopted for this ivork as fairly representative of laundry practice and as likely to show a greater effect of added builder than a higher concentration. This is in accordance with the results of Fall (6). An equal concentration of soap builder ivas adopted, although in some of the previous experiments 0.033 per cent solutions were used.…”

Surface Active Agents for Detergent Applications Suspending Power and Micellar Solubilization

“…Attempts to correlate this work with data obtained using the Baker manganese dioxide were not successful, final suspension concentrations in practically all surfactants tested being nearly one half the values obtained with the Mallinckrodt sample. Since former investigators (3,4) found that the manganese dioxide suspended wras directly proportional to the initial suspension concentration, and since particle size distribution tests indicated that the Baker powder was approximately one half as fine as the Mallinckrodt material in the significant, smaller particle size range, tests were made using 2% initial concentrations of the Baker powder (5 grams of powder per 250 ml, of surfactant solution). Correlation was good with the exception of the polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester types.…”

The Effect of Pure Soaps on the Bactericidal Properties of Phenolic Germicides

“…For example, a cake of soap containing as much as 5 per cent of a phenolic compound of high bactericidal efficiency would not be bactericidal when used for washing the hands. McBain, cited by Fall (1927), has listed seven factors which are necessary for detergent action. Among these factors are the necessity of having the soap in solution and the necessity of having the soap in colloidal form.…”