Deterioration Mechanism of Direct Internal Reforming Catalyst.

The effect of precipitants on Ni-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by a co-precipitation method for internal reforming in molten carbonate fuel cells

“…The mechanisms by which the components of the electrolytes in DIR-MCFCs (mixtures of Li 2 CO 3 and K 2 CO 3 ) contaminate the reforming catalysts have been reported elsewhere [7] , [8] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] . Thus, the present study is focused on improving the poisoning resistance toward deactivation by the electrolyte for the Ni-Al 2 O 3 catalysts prepared via the co-precipitation method using various precipitants.…”

“…Despite their previously discussed advantages, DIR-MCFCs face several obstacles. The internal reforming catalysts placed in the anode channel are deactivated by the molten carbonate electrolyte (Li 2 CO 3 /K 2 CO 3 ) [6] , [7] , [8] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] . Many researchers have studied the deactivation of internal reforming catalysts by molten carbonate electrolyte.…”

“…Sugiura et al [14] reported that the deactivation of internal reforming catalysts was mainly attributed to the pollution of the alkali electrolyte through the vapor phase, especially by KOH vapor. Matsumura et al [12] demonstrated that the catalyst deactivation was caused by the accelerated sintering of Ni particles under an atmosphere contaminated with alkali metals. Ito et al [15] also suggested that internal reforming catalysts were heavily deactivated by K ions in the electrolyte.…”

Direct Fuel Cell Materials Experience

“…The conventional reforming catalysts in IIR are not exposed to carbonate vapor and have shown negligible deactivation. On the other hand, the stability of the DIR catalyst is strongly affected by the fuel cell environment, mainly by the electrolyte-induced deactivation (24,25). By properly adjusting catalyst, support composition and pore structure, a more stable and active direct reforming catalyst (verified by field data) has been selected.…”

The catalytic performance of Ni/MgSiO3 catalyst for methane steam reforming in operation of direct internal reforming MCFC

“…Matsumura and Hirai [7] have reported the severe deterioration of support stability by alkali metals. Moon et al [5,8] reported the deactivation of Ni/ MgO catalyst operated in a DIR-MCFC unit cell for 72 h. They attributed catalyst deactivation primarily to the formation of solid solution between alkali metal and catalyst support with lithium being the most harmful alkali metal among the evaluated species.…”