Deterioration of the elemental composition of endolymph in genetic inner ear disease

Anniko, Matti; Wróblewski, Romuald

doi:10.1007/bf00454225

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Another discrepancy seems to exist in Shaker -1 and Shaker -2 mice. At approximately one month of age, the relative concentrations of potassium and chlorine in scala media were lower than in normal animals and sodium, phosphorus, sulphur and calcium were detected as in immature endolymph [3]. Ultrastructural changes in stria vascularis are not yet evident in the Shaker -1 mouse at this age and only minor general changes were seen in the stria vascularis of the Shaker -2 animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The preparation of sections for the X-ray energy dispersive analyses and the analytical equipment has been described in detail by Wroblewski et al [26] and Anniko and Wroblewski [3]. In brief: The inner ear region from fetuses and the temporal bones from postnatal animals were plunged after removal directly into liquid propane cooled by liquid nitrogen at -190°C and thereafter stored at -80°C.…”

Section: Analytical Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structural maturation of the stria vascularis takes place postnatally and correlates well with the development of the specific high concentration of potassium in endolymph [2]. On the other hand, in genetic inner ear degeneration of the cochlea-saccular type ad modum Scheibe [21] the elemen-tal compo~tion of endolymph was altered before morpholo~c~ changes were evident in the stria vascularis of Shaker -1 and Shaker -2 mice [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adenylate cyclase activity in the fetal and the early postnatal inner ear of the mouse

Anniko¹,

Spångberg²,

Schacht³

1981

Hearing Research

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The adenylate cyclase activity was analyzed in fetal, early postnatal and adult inner ears of the CBA/CBA mouse and also in approximately one month old inner ears from Shaker -1 and Shaker -2 mice. A comparison was made with the maturation of potassium levels in endolymph as investigated with the X-ray energy dispersive technique. Adenylate cyclase activity in the developing normal inner ear shows two significant periods of increases: from the 16th to the 19th gestational day in both the cochlear and vestibular parts of the labyrinth, and from birth to day 6 after birth in the lateral wall tissues of the scala media. During the first period the anatomical boundaries of the secretory epithelia are developing. The postnatal rise in adenylate cyclase activity correlates with the morphological maturation of stria vascularis at the cellular and subcellular levels and the rise in potassium content of endolymph. The rise of enzyme activity in the cochlear during the maturation of endolymph supports a link between adenylate cyclase and the control of inner ear fluids. Adenylate cyclase activity in stria vascularis/spiral ligament of Shaker -1 and Shaker -2 mice were at normal levels and correlated better with the rather normal morphology of the tissues than the abnormal composition of endolymph in these mutants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Analytical Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adenylate cyclase activity in the fetal and the early postnatal inner ear of the mouse

Anniko¹,

Spångberg²,

Schacht³

1981

Hearing Research

Self Cite

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“…We have shown that deafness in certain species with a genetic defect arises primarily in the secretory epithelia (marginal cells) of the stria vascularis with consequent disturbance of the basic elemental composition of the endolymph which is an essential in the functioning of the organ of Corti (Anniko & Wroblewski, 1980b). Upon injecting animals with ethacrynic acid, the intracellular milieu of the marginal cells is influenced simultaneously with the basic elemental composition of the endolymph .…”

Section: Analysis Of Ion Gradients In the Stria Vascularis In Relatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ elemental analysis and visualization in cryofixed nervous tissues: X‐ray microanalytical investigations of embryological and mature brain, inner ear, photoreceptors, muscle and muscle spindles. Comparison of preparation methods for analysis and visualization at cellular and subcellular levels

Wróblewski

1989

Journal of Microscopy

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Summary For meaningful X‐ray microanalysis (XRMA) in biology and medicine, the development of preparative and quantitative methods has been necessary. The methods need to preserve close to in vivo distribution of diffusible ions with at the same time reasonable morphological preservation of the tissue. Analyses at low and middle microanalytical resolution are useful at the initial stages of an investigation or when data from large populations of samples have to be acquired. Cryomicrotomy, which makes it possible for the single cells within semi‐thin and thick cryosections examined by X‐ray microanalysis to be further characterized histochemi‐cally (enzyme and substrate content), has been adopted for several pathophysiological studies. The method is particularly suitable for the analysis of complex morphological tissues with many cell types as in the brain or sensory organs of the internal ear. For microanalysis at the subcellular level, we developed a preparative procedure based on the frozen fixed preparation which is freeze‐dried in vacuo at −80°C and then at the same temperature, without breaking the vacuum, impregnated with a low‐temperature Lowicryl‐type resin. The resin is polymerized by u.v. light. This method prevents redistribution of the ions in the tissue and retains the antigenicity of the tissue. A considerable number of cells can be analysed simultaneously and the elemental composition in different cell compartments can be compared due to the similar analytical conditions within the section. An alternative to thin plastic sections of freeze‐dried material is thin cryosections cut at −150°C and analysed at low temperatures. Although some methodological problems still exist in preparation of cryosections, this type of section is potentially the most useful in analysis of diffusible ions, especially calcium which in most biological systems is present in very low concentrations. New preparative techniques for XRMA brought severe problems in visualization of the specimens prepared by cryomethods. Charging, low contrast, mass loss and contamination, which are often negligible in conventional electron microscopy, have still to be solved in XRMA of cryoprepared specimens. However, the methods of semi‐thin and thick cryosectioning and low‐temperature embedding were successfully used for analysis of cells and organelles and for the study of fluids in restricted biological spaces such as the inner ear, muscle spindles and ventricles of the brain in rats. Accordingly, examinations which were impossible by micropuncture and ion selective techniques could be carried out by XRMA. New data on the developing embryological organs and maturation of biological fluids in small biological cavities were obtained.

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Principles in Cochlear Toxicity

Anniko

1985

Archives of Toxicology

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Deterioration of the elemental composition of endolymph in genetic inner ear disease

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Adenylate cyclase activity in the fetal and the early postnatal inner ear of the mouse

Adenylate cyclase activity in the fetal and the early postnatal inner ear of the mouse

Principles in Cochlear Toxicity

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