Determinação de taninos e metilxantinas no guaraná em pó (Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae) por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência

Abstract

RESUMO:As sementes de guaraná (Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae) são utilizadas como estimulante e os principais constituintes químicos são as metilxantinas e os taninos, tais como catequina e epicatequina. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar um método por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) para quantificar, simultaneamente, cafeína, teofilina, teobromina, catequina e epicatequina em pó de guaraná. Os valores obtidos foram comparados com os resultados encontrados no método espectrofotométrico da Farmacopéia Brasileira IV ed. Pelo método cromatográfico, os teores de metilxantinas e taninos totais foram de 4,04% e 1,48%, respectivamente. Os teores de metilxantinas e taninos totais, obtidos pelo método espectrofotométrico, foram de 4,88% e 4,05%, respectivamente. Acredita-se que, nas condições experimentais empregadas, o método espectrofotométrico não foi específico, quantificando outras substâncias fenólicas presentes no guaraná. Portanto, sugere-se o emprego desse método cromatográfico no controle de qualidade do guaraná em pó, por ser preciso, sensível, específico e rápido. Unitermos:Controle de qualidade, planta medicinal, guaraná, cafeína, catequina, CLAE.ABSTRACT: "Determination of tannins and methylxanthines in powdered guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae) by high performance liquid chromatography". The seeds of Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae, are used as a stimulant and the main chemical constituents are the methylxanthines and tannins, as catechin and epicatechin. This study aimed to investigate a method by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify both caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, catechin and epicatechin in powdered of P. cupana. The values obtained were compared with the results of the spectrophotometric method of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia IV ed. For the chromatographic method, the levels of methylxanthines and total tannins were 4.04% and 1.48%, respectively. The levels of methylxanthines and total tannins obtained by the spectrophotometric method, were 4.88% and 4.05%, respectively. It is believed that, under our experimental conditions, the spectrophotometric method was not specific and quantified others phenolic substances present in the P. cupana. Therefore we suggest the use of this chromatographic method in quality control of P. cupana powder, to be accurate, sensitive, specific and fast. INTRODUÇÃOO guaraná, Paullinia cupana Kunth é uma planta da família Sapindaceae, originária da região Amazônica, a qual possui clima tropical, quente e úmido. É amplamente utilizado na medicina tradicional brasileira, sendo empregada em bebidas caseiras e industriais, como tônico e estimulante. A parte utilizada é a semente seca e

Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Extract Protects Caenorhabditis elegans Models for Alzheimer Disease and Huntington Disease through Activation of Antioxidant and Protein Degradation Pathways

“…The quantitative analysis of four known components of guarana (caffeine, theobromine, catechin, and epicatechin) was performed by the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) according to the chromatographic method proposed by Sousa et al [ 25 ], with adjustments. Chromatographic analysis was performed with the Shimadzu LC-6A HPLC system, with two LC-6AD pumps, SCL-10AVP controller, SIL-10AF autosampler, and SPD-M20A detector.…”

Chemical Composition and Hypotensive Effect of Campomanesia xanthocarpa

“…It also increases serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations that may be important in CVD prevention [ 44 ]. However, this is the first time that this compound is reported in C. xanthocarpa ; its main existence is related to other species such as Paullinia cupana, Ilex paraguariensis, Coffea arabica, Theobroma cacao , and Camelia sinensis [ 45 – 48 ].…”

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“…In the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 5 , AntoneliUshirobira et al, 1 , Pelozo et al, 15 and Sousa et al, 2 describe methods using UV spectroscopy to quantify methylxanthines and UV-Vis spectroscopy to quantify tannins. We also found several quantification methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 1,2,4,7,16,17 . However, this technique requires expensive equipment and has a high cost of maintenance and operation 17 .…”

“…Its main limitation is its low selectivity 19 . When working with complex materials such as guarana, which has several active compounds, the lack of selectivity of UV spectroscopy makes it difficult to distinguish these compounds 2 . Furthermore, some visible spectrophotometric methods often require timeconsuming pre-separation techniques to remove possible interferences from colored materials such as catechin, as described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 5 .…”