Determinacion y evaluacion de los componentes presentes en las pinturas anti incrustantes utilizadas en la acuicultura y sus posibles efectos en sedimentos marinos del sur de Chile

Abstract

Determinación y evaluación de los componentes presentes en las pinturasanti-incrustantes utilizadas en la acuicultura y sus posibles efectos en sedimentos marinos en el sur de Chile RESUMEN. Se realizaron muestreos de sedimento en tres áreas relacionadas con el uso de pinturas antiincrustantes en la salmonicultura en el sur de Chile, con el fin de detectar alteraciones en la abundancia o diversidad de la macrofauna bentónica debidas a la acumulación de metales como Cu y Zn en los sedimentos. Los resultados muestran que existe acumulación especialmente de Cu en los sedimentos aledaños a las balsas jaulas de cultivo, pero no se apreciaron variaciones significativas en la composición ni en la abundancia de la macrofauna bentónica asociada a estos centros de cultivo, aun cuando las concentraciones de Cu superaron los 800 µg g -1 en el sedimento.Palabras clave: metales, anti-incrustantes, sedimentos, macrofauna, biodiversidad, salmonicultura, sur de Chile.Identification and evaluation of components present in antifouling paints used in aquaculture, and its possible effects on marine sediments of southern Chile ABSTRACT. Sediment samples were taken in three areas related to the use of antifouling paints in salmon farming in southern Chile, in order to detect changes in the abundance and diversity of benthic macrofauna due to the accumulation of metals such as Cu and Zn in sediments. The results show that if there especially Cu accumulation in sediments adjacent to cages each crop, but there were no significant changes in the composition or abundance of benthic macrofauna that accompanies these farms, even when concentrations Cu exceeded 800 µg g -1 in sediments.

Environmental issues in Chilean salmon farming: a review

“…They found Cu concentrations in the sediments ranging from 8.73 to 1034.37 μg g −1 and Zn between 20.25 and 119.28 μg g −1 (Vera et al . ). Despite the Cu accumulation found in sediments adjacent to the fish cages, no significant changes in the composition or abundance of benthic macrofauna were found even when concentrations of Cu exceeded 800 μg g −1 in sediments (Vera et al .…”

“…Despite the Cu accumulation found in sediments adjacent to the fish cages, no significant changes in the composition or abundance of benthic macrofauna were found even when concentrations of Cu exceeded 800 μg g −1 in sediments (Vera et al . ). However, the concentrations of Cu found in the sediments were much higher than those considered as non‐damaging to the biota (Debourg et al .…”

“…pH, salinity) and intrinsic characteristics of the species (Contreras et al 2007;Ali & Taylor 2010;Lawes et al 2016). Almost all antifouling paints in Chile currently contain Cu 2 O (Bravo et al 2005;Vera et al 2015). Oyarz un et al (2017) reported that most salmon companies (61%) in Chile prefer to use water-based antifoulant paint instead of solvent-based paints.…”

“…Evidence of reduced microbial biodiversity has been reported in copper-enriched sediments from Southern Chile salmon farms (Buschmann & Fortt 2005). Vera et al (2015) analysed sediment samples from three sites off Chilo e Island where salmon farms were using antifouling paints in order to study possible changes in the abundance and diversity of benthic macrofauna due to the accumulation of metals such as Cu and Zn in sediments. They found Cu concentrations in the sediments ranging from 8.73 to 1034.37 lg g À1 and Zn between 20.25 and 119.28 lg g À1 (Vera et al 2015).…”

“…Vera et al (2015) analysed sediment samples from three sites off Chilo e Island where salmon farms were using antifouling paints in order to study possible changes in the abundance and diversity of benthic macrofauna due to the accumulation of metals such as Cu and Zn in sediments. They found Cu concentrations in the sediments ranging from 8.73 to 1034.37 lg g À1 and Zn between 20.25 and 119.28 lg g À1 (Vera et al 2015). Despite the Cu accumulation found in sediments adjacent to the fish cages, no significant changes in the composition or abundance of benthic macrofauna were found even when concentrations of Cu exceeded 800 lg g À1 in sediments (Vera et al 2015).…”