“…The majority of publications document the risk assessment for re-replacement for aortic prosthetic dysfunction. 6,9,11,13 The publications addressing bioprosthetic valve failure are Akins, 1 Bortollotti, 2 Glower, 7 McGiffin, 9 O'Brien, 14 Sundt, 12 Vogt, 6 and Jamieson 13 and colleagues. The publications by Tyers, 3 McGrath, 4 and Sener 5 and their colleagues access both bioprostheses and mechanical prostheses and the publications address re-replacement risk for mitral bioprosthetic structural valve deterioration.…”