“…Bank profitability is not only influenced by internal factors but also external factors, namely macroeconomic indicators (Siregar et al, 2014). Internal factors of Islamic banks include liquidity, capital, financing risk, efficiency, and bank size (Johan, 2021;Pradhan & Pandey, 2018;Setiawan, 2021;Widarjono et al, 2022) while external factors include economic growth, inflation, exchange rates. , and interest rates (Al-Jafari & Alchami, 2014;Katusiime, 2021;Messai et al, 2015;O'Connell, 2022;Winny & Yulfiswandi, 2022;Yao et al, 2018).…”