Determinants of cervical cancer screening adherence in urban areas of Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the most common disease among Thai women. The cervical cancer mortality rate has increased in the previous decade. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the factors associated with cervical cancer screening adherence. Stratified sampling with the proportional to size method was used to select registered women aged 30-60 years. Of the 700 self-administered questionnaires distributed during July and September of 2012, 675 were returned, resulting in a response rate of 96.2%. Approximately 65.4% of the women were considered to be adherent to cervical cancer screening (i.e., maintainers) as defined by at least one screening within the recommended 5-year screening interval and the expectation of attending a screening in the future. Chi-square tests revealed that occupation, marital status, number of children, sexual activity, health insurance scheme, history of oral contraceptive pill use, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, and knowledge about cervical cancer prevention were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening adherence. After adjusting for occupation, marital status, number of children, and health insurance in the model, perceived barriers (Adj OR=1.97, 95% CI=1.24-3.10) and knowledge (Adj OR=1.65, 95% CI=1.13-2.41) remained significant predictors of cervical cancer screening adherence. These findings suggest that the non-housewives, women of single/separated/divorced/widowed status, and women with no children should be the first priorities for getting Pap tests. Strategies for overcoming the barriers of these women, such as using mobile units for cervical cancer screening, should be promoted. Education programs should be strengthened and promoted to overcome negative perceptions and knowledge deficiencies.

Utilization of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women in Debremarkos town, Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study

“…This study showed that women who were single/divorced/widowed 3.414 times more likely utilized cervical cancer screening as compared with married women [AOR:3.414, (95%CI:1.299,8.972)]. This result was supported by the study done in Thailand [27]. The possible explanation for this might be single women are more likely educated since they might be young and divorced women or widowed women are a more likely aged and increasing risk with women's age leads the women to have more interest to visit health facilities.…”

Distribution of cervical and breast cancer risk factors in women and their screening behaviours

“…An analysis of the knowledge and behaviours of women aged 40 and over about breast cancer screening methods according to education level showed that the rates of those who knew and did breast self‐examination were significantly lower in illiterate women at our research. Conversely, another results of a study showed that revealed that occupation, marital status, number of children, sexual activity, health insurance scheme, history of oral contraceptive pill use, perceived barriers, perceived benefits and knowledge about cervical cancer prevention were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening adherence (Visanuyothin, Chompikul, & Mongkolchati, ).…”

Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Uptake of Screening Test Among Women in the Region of Marrakesh, Morocco

“…The family antecedent of CC would alarm women and lead them to an early screening. In this study, widowed women were more likely to have good knowledge while authors reported that it is married women who did [9,18].…”

“…We notice that there is an improvement of knowledge among the more instructed participants, although it is not significant. Many studies reported that level of education is strongly linked to awareness and knowledge of the disease [9][10][11]18].…”

“…Participation only reached 4.7% and 8% in 2016 and 2017, respectively [6], which leads to an often late stage diagnosis of CC [7]. The adherence to the screening test is related to the awareness of CC and knowledge about its symptoms and risk factors [8][9][10][11]. In addition, many authors relate that the awareness and knowledge of CC are influenced by different determinants such as woman origin, level of education, and age [8][9][10][11].…”