Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Service Utilization Among HIV-Positive Women Aged 25 Years and Above Attending Adult ART Clinics in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Cervical cancer and human immunodeficiency virus prevention are public health priorities in Ethiopia. Despite cervical cancer being preventable with the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine and cervical cancer screening, HIV-infected women still have a low rate of screening, and data are scarce in this country. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of cervical cancer screening service utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive women in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was performed from March 1st to May 15th, 2018. We recruited 465 HIV-positive women using a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. Crude odds ratios, adjusted odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results In this study, only 8% of HIV-positive women were screened for cervical cancer. The most frequently cited barrier by participants to getting screened was feeling healthy 282 (65.9%). Multiparity {AOR = 4.12, 95% CI = (1.70, 9.95)}, provider recommendation to get screened {AOR = 3.20, 95%CI = (1.34, 7.65)}, having good knowledge {AOR = 4.33, 95%CI = (1.66-11.29)}, and high perceived susceptibility for cervical cancer {AOR = 3.10, 95% CI = (1.31-7.33)} were the factors significantly associated with cervical cancer screening service utilization. Conclusions The prevalence of cervical cancer screening service utilization was quite low. Provider’s recommendation to get screened, multiparity, knowledge, and perceived susceptibility were factors strongly associated with the service utilization. There is a need of routine counseling of health care providers for all HIV-positive women to get screened. Women’s lack of knowledge also needs to be addressed by informing every HIV-positive woman that they are more susceptible to cervical cancer, and that screening is critical to fighting against the disease.

Cervical Cancer Screening Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Women Living With HIV Receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia

“…The overall magnitude of CC screening service utilization among women living with HIV was found to be 26.9% (95% CI: 22.0, 32.6). The result reported in this study is comparable with the finding from the studies done in Tanzania 22.6% (Lyimo & Beran, 2012), Kenya 27.5% (Lukorito et al, 2017), Hadiya zone, Hosanna 24.2% (Aweke et al, 2017), Mekele 29.8% (Bayu et al, 2016), and Bishoftu town, Ethiopia (25%) (Solomon et al, 2019), but higher than the studies conducted in Morocco (9%) (Belglaiaa et al, 2018), Gondar (10%) (Nega et al, 2018), Southern Tigray (8%) (Gebrekirstos et al, 2022), and Addis Ababa (11.5%) (Shiferaw et al, 2018). On the other hand, our finding is lower than that of studies done in England, Catalonia, and Nairobi Kenya which reported 85.7%, 50.6%, and 46%, respectively (Njuguna et al, 2017;Ogunwale et al, 2016;Stuardo et al, 2013).…”

“…Even though over 534,000 Ethiopian women had HIV ( WHO, 2013 ), only 15,263 of this high-risk population were screened for CC between 2010 and 2013 ( Salvador-Davila et al, 2014 ). Recent studies in Ethiopia, Tigray ( Gebrekirstos et al, 2022 ), Gondar ( Nega et al, 2018 ), and Addis Ababa ( Emru et al, 2021 ), among HIV-positive women, also revealed low rates of screening service utilization (8%), (10%), and (25.5%), respectively. Therefore, this study aimed to examine CC screening service utilization and its associated factors among WLHIV receiving ART at Adama Hospital Medical College (AHMC), Ethiopia.…”

Uptake of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among human immune virus positive women attending antiretroviral therapy clinic in public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia, 2022: A cross-sectional study

“…1 In current studies in Ethiopia, such as Tigray, Gondar, Addis Abeba, and Adama, the uptake of CC screening among women living with HIV (WLHIV) was low and required more effort, with 8%, 10%, 25%, and 26.9%, respectively. 11 – 14 …”