Determinants of child maltreatment in Nepal: Results from the 2014 Nepal multiple indicator cluster survey (the 2014 NMICS)

Atteraya, Madhu Sudhan; Ebrahim, Nasser B.; Gnawali, Shreejana

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.11.018

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In summary, consistent with cultural practices and norms that endorse corporal punishment and verbal humiliation as a way to encourage children to become responsible and competent (Khanal and Park, 2016), the use of physical and emotional acts to discipline young people is common in Nepal with the presence of more severe forms of childhood maltreatment also considerable (Atteraya et al, 2018; Kandel et al, 2017). Although one study reported that children who were engaged in child labour activities were more likely to receive any kind of physical punishment than those not engaged in such activities (Kandel et al, 2017), general-population studies are less informative around rates of childhood maltreatment within more economically marginalised sectors of society in Nepal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Studies of general-population samples ascertained in Nepal report that the use of physical disciplinary acts is common in youth (Atteraya et al, 2018; Kandel et al, 2017; Rajbanshi, 2012) with almost one in two children experiencing moderate forms, for example, being spanked, hit or slapped on the bottom, and a significant number (21.5%; Atteraya et al, 2018) experiencing severe forms, for example, hit with an object. Emotional abuse is also common with more than three-quarters reporting these experiences (Atteraya et al, 2018; Rajbanshi, 2012). Finally, sexual abuse is also present, with one study of 150 students attending a public high school in Kathmandu reporting rates of 41.3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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History of abuse and neglect and their associations with mental health in rescued child labourers in Nepal

Dhakal

Niraula

Sharma

et al. 2019

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Objectives: Little is known about rates of childhood maltreatment in low-income countries, particularly among marginalised sectors of society. Economic hardships mean that in such countries, many children and young people are exploited in the labour force and/or are trafficked, placing them at greater risk for being exposed to other forms of maltreatment. Cultural norms endorsing the use of physical and emotional acts to discipline children further exacerbate this risk. Here, we assessed the rates of childhood victimisation experiences and associated mental health problems in Nepalese youth rescued from illegal child labour including trafficking. Methods: One hundred and three young people aged 12–18 years living in out-of-home care institutions and rescued from child labour/trafficking completed translated versions of selected modules from the Juvenile Victimisation Questionnaire, the Youth Inventory and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Care-home employees responsible for looking after the young people completed the Adolescent Symptom Inventory and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Analysis described maltreatment frequencies and compared individuals who had and had not experienced any form of maltreatment on the presence/absence of psychiatric diagnoses. Results: Seventy-two percent of participants experienced some form of maltreatment in their lifetime. Rates for each maltreatment type were 46.6% for physical abuse, 40.77% for emotional abuse, 27.2% for sexual abuse and 33% for neglect. Symptoms indicative of anxiety disorders and trauma were commonly reported especially in victims of childhood maltreatment. Conclusions: Our estimates of physical abuse in this at-risk juvenile sample were commensurate to those reported in general-population youth samples in Nepal, but sexual and emotional abuse rates were somewhat lower. The potential presence of anxiety and trauma in this sample that may result from maltreatment requires replication, but underscores an urgent need for routine mental health screening in rescued child labourers during rehabilitation efforts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of abuse and neglect and their associations with mental health in rescued child labourers in Nepal

Dhakal

Niraula

Sharma

et al. 2019

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Chung et al (2009) examined mediating effect of attitudes towards corporal punishment as a mediating factor in the association between maternal ACEs and infant spanking but found no clear effect. Although many previous studies have shown that parental SES, social support and psychological distress affect child maltreatment (Atteraya et al, 2018; Doidge, Higgins, Delfabbro, Edwards, et al, 2017; Doidge, Higgins, Delfabbro, & Segal, 2017; Sidebotham & Heron, 2006; Stith et al, 2009), they have not found parental ACEs to be the source of these factors. Instead, this paper shows ways in which maternal ACEs can potentially lead to psychological distress and low SES, thus increasing the risk of child maltreatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Other key mediating factors would be socio‐economic status (SES), social support and psychological distress. All three of these factors were found to be significant determinants of child maltreatment (Atteraya et al, 2018; Doidge, Higgins, Delfabbro, Edwards, et al, 2017; Doidge, Higgins, Delfabbro, & Segal, 2017; Sidebotham & Heron, 2006; Stith et al, 2009). People with more ACEs are more likely to be unemployed, to have lower incomes (Covey et al, 2013; Currie & Widom, 2010; Liu et al, 2013; Metzler et al, 2017; Zielinski, 2009), to have less social support (Seeds et al, 2010; Vranceanu et al, 2007), and to have poorer mental health (Anda et al, 2002, 2006; Gilbert et al, 2015; Merrick et al, 2017) in adulthood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of maternal adverse child experiences on parental maltreatment of children: An empirical study of mediating factors among Japanese mothers

Mitani

2021

Child & Family Social Work

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Despite increasing research into connections between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and health problems, the impact of parental ACEs on parenting practices has not been sufficiently clear. The objective of the study was to consider whether the association between maternal ACEs and child maltreatment is affected by three mediating factors: socio‐economic status (SES), social support and maternal psychological distress in adulthood. The Kochi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (K‐CHILD) study (2016) provided the data for this study. Mothers who had children in the first, fifth, eighth and eleventh grade and who lived in the Kochi Prefecture of Japan participated. A pool of 11,954 completed child and caregiver questionnaires was used for analysis. We found that a large number of maternal ACEs was connected to higher risk of physical abuse, psychological abuse and neglect. Maternal psychological distress had the greatest mediating effect. Maternal ACEs can be a risk factor for maltreatment of children. This study suggests that care for mothers with psychological distress will be a key intervention to break the cycle of childhood adversity.

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“…Traditional probability samples were used in 17 studies. Most of these estimated the prevalence of child labor outside of the U.S. (Levison et al, 2007;Levison & Langer, 2010;ICF International, 2012a;ICF Macro, Inc, 2012b, 2012cSommerfelt, 2015;Atteraya et al, 2018;Gilbert et al, 2018;Pinzon-Rondon et al, 2018;Shabbir et al, 2020;Bhatia et al, 2020). For the most part, these studies were able to conduct a secondary analysis of household survey data that had been collected for other purposes.…”

Section: Traditional Probability Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Measurement: A Scoping Review of Prior Human Trafficking Prevalence Studies and Recommendations for Future Research

Barrick

Pfeffer

2021

Journal of Human Trafficking

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Human trafficking victimization is harmful to individuals, families, institutions, communities, and nations. It is commonly understood that human trafficking is a widespread problem, yet the variation in global estimates is extreme, ranging from 12.3 million to 20.9 million to 45.8 million people worldwide. The wide variation in estimates has led some to argue that claims about the scope of the problem are unsubstantiated. Calculating an estimate of human trafficking victims has proven to be complex; there is growing recognition that it is necessary to improve the methodologies used to generate such estimates. This article addresses the need for a better understanding of the methodologies used in human trafficking prevalence estimation studies. We conducted a comprehensive scoping review of prior human trafficking prevalence studies, including an analysis of the methodologies utilized and the context in which they were used, and offer a set of recommendations for future research on human trafficking prevalence. The goal of this effort is to provide guidance to researchers planning to undertake prevalence estimation studies and to help advance and improve human trafficking prevalence estimation research.

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Determinants of child maltreatment in Nepal: Results from the 2014 Nepal multiple indicator cluster survey (the 2014 NMICS)

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

History of abuse and neglect and their associations with mental health in rescued child labourers in Nepal

History of abuse and neglect and their associations with mental health in rescued child labourers in Nepal

Effects of maternal adverse child experiences on parental maltreatment of children: An empirical study of mediating factors among Japanese mothers

Advances in Measurement: A Scoping Review of Prior Human Trafficking Prevalence Studies and Recommendations for Future Research

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