Determinants of Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Vietnamese Adults: California Vietnamese Adult Tobacco Use Survey, 2007–2008

Webber, Whitney; Erp, Brianna van; Stoddard, Pamela; Tsoh, Janice Y.

doi:10.5888/pcd11.130327

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Smoking behavior is a cultural norm in some communities, such as among men in Southeast Asian countries, and smoking prevalence remains high among males in those race/ethnic groups in the U.S. [40]. A study of non-smoking Vietnamese adults in California found high secondhand exposure in home environments for women [41]. Social dynamics may play a role; a study of family communication in Vietnamese and Chinese families identified a pattern of “suffering in silence [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California

Hoshiko

Pearl

Yang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Prenatal tobacco exposure is a significant, preventable cause of childhood morbidity, yet little is known about exposure risks for many race/ethnic subpopulations. We studied active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in a population-based cohort of 13 racially/ethnically diverse pregnant women: white, African American, Hispanic, Native American, including nine Asian/Pacific Islander subgroups: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, Cambodian, Vietnamese, Laotian, Samoan, and Asian Indians (N = 3329). Using the major nicotine metabolite, cotinine, as an objective biomarker, we analyzed mid-pregnancy serum from prenatal screening banked in 1999–2002 from Southern California in an effort to understand differences in tobacco exposure patterns by race/ethnicity, as well as provide a baseline for future work to assess secular changes and longer-term health outcomes. Prevalence of active smoking (based on age- and race-specific cotinine cutpoints) was highest among African American, Samoan, Native Americans and whites (6.8–14.1%); and lowest among Filipinos, Chinese, Vietnamese and Asian Indians (0.3–1.0%). ETS exposure among non-smokers was highest among African Americans and Samoans, followed by Cambodians, Native Americans, Vietnamese and Koreans, and lowest among Filipinos, Japanese, whites, and Chinese. At least 75% of women had detectable cotinine. While for most groups, levels of active smoking corresponded with levels of ETS, divergent patterns were also found. For example, smoking prevalence among white women was among the highest, but the group’s ETS exposure was low among non-smokers; while Vietnamese women were unlikely to be active smokers, they experienced relatively high ETS exposure. Knowledge of race/ethnic differences may be useful in assessing disparities in health outcomes and creating successful tobacco interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California

Hoshiko

Pearl

Yang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…The topic of infant and adolescent tobacco smoke exposure has also been investigated (12)(13)(14)(15). Studies that make no distinction based on age are also relatively available (16)(17)(18)(19), but there are very few adult-focused studies (20). Some studies have also addressed women's exposure to tobacco smoke (21-25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive smoking as a risk factor among older adults: an ordered probability approach for Türkiye

Ünver

Tekmanlı

Alkan

2023

Front. Public Health

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Background/aimOlder adults represent a significant proportion of the population of many societies, and being one of the disadvantaged groups, they struggle with various difficulties in their social lives. Undoubtedly, passive smoking is one of these difficulties. Passive smoking among older adults, which is an important public health problem, is an issue that needs to be investigated. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of adults aged 60 and older in Türkiye and their exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS).MethodsIn this study, a microdata set of the 2016 and 2019 Turkey Health Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) was used. This survey was conducted by TUIK in the relevant years using a stratified sampling method to best represent the whole of Turkey. The study considered only demographic and socio-economic characteristics to investigate passive smoking. Since all the variables used in the study were categorical, the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables was first investigated using chi-square tests. In addition, since the dependent variable has an ordered-categorical probability form, the generalized ordinal logit model was used for the analysis of passive smoking and related factors.ResultsThe rate of exposure to tobacco smoke of older adults who participated in the study in 2016 was 16%, while the rate of those who participated in the study in 2019 was 21%.ConclusionAccording to the findings of the study, older, uneducated, and uninsured smokers carry a more serious SHS risk. It may be beneficial for society for policy makers to carry out studies by considering these features a priority and focusing on policies in this context. Expanding smoke-free areas to cover older adult, increasing penalties as a deterrent, facilitating education, increasing state support for education, increasing education and public service announcements about tobacco harms, and facilitating social security are the main examples. This study’s findings are crucial as a source of information for the development of policies and programs aimed at preventing the exposure of older adults to tobacco smoke.

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“…13 These include communities of Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin, in which rates of smoking among men are higher than those in the general population. 13 As living with a smoker is an important determinant of SHS exposure, 14 , 15 these groups are likely to have higher levels of exposure than the general population. The extent of SHS exposure among minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom has not been quantified; however, we found that in areas predominantly populated by South-Asian populations, smoking took place regularly in front of children in 42% of households with smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muslim communities learning about second-hand smoke: a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis

Shah

Ainsworth

Fairhurst

et al. 2015

npj Prim Care Resp Med

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Background:In the United Kingdom, men of Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin have higher smoking rates than the general population. This makes non-smokers in their households more vulnerable to second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure than the general population.Aims:The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementing and pilot testing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a ‘Smoke-free Homes’ (SFH) intervention in Islamic religious settings to encourage families of Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin to apply smoking restrictions in their homes.Methods:We allocated Islamic religious settings (clusters) to either receive SFH—an educational intervention—or to a control arm. Within each cluster, we recruited households with at least one smoker and one non-smoker. SHS exposure among non-smokers was measured using salivary cotinine.Results:Seven (50%) clusters were randomised to each trial arm. A total of 468 households were assessed for eligibility and 62% (n=289) were eligible, of which 74% (n=213) agreed to participate in the trial. Six of the seven intervention clusters delivered the intervention, and all clusters were retained throughout the trial. In all, 81% (n=172) of households provided data at follow-up. No evidence of a difference in log cotinine level was observed (adjusted mean difference −0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) −1.28–1.23, P=0.97) between the two trial arms. The direct mean cost of delivering the intervention was £18.18 per household (range £3.55–42.20).Conclusions:It was possible to recruit, randomise and retain Islamic religious settings and participant households. However, some of the original assumptions, in particular our ability to collect primary outcome data, need to be revisited before a definitive trial.

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Determinants of Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Vietnamese Adults: California Vietnamese Adult Tobacco Use Survey, 2007–2008

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California

Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California

Passive smoking as a risk factor among older adults: an ordered probability approach for Türkiye

Muslim communities learning about second-hand smoke: a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis

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