Determinants of Facility-Based Childbirth in Indonesia

Abstract

Background. Reducing maternal mortality remains a significant challenge in Indonesia, especially for achieving the country’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. One of the challenges is increasing delivery at healthcare facilities to ensure safe and healthy births. In Indonesia, research on factors affecting women’s use of facility-based childbirth services is scarce. Objective. This study was conducted to identify the determinants of facility-based deliveries in Indonesia. Methods. This study used data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey of 2012, with a cross-sectional design. An odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was employed to outline the independent variables for the determinants, including maternal age and education, place of residence, involvement in decision-making, employment status, economic status, and number of antenatal care visits. The dependent variable in this study was the place of delivery: whether it took place in healthcare or nonhealthcare facilities. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05 using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Results. This study showed that a high level of education (OR: 3.035, 95% CI: 2.310–3.987), high economic status (OR: 6.691, 95% CI: 5.768–7.761), urban residence (OR: 2.947, 95% CI: 2.730–3.181), working status (OR: 0.853, 95% CI: 0.793–0.918), involvement in decision-making (OR: 0.887, 95% CI: 0.804–0.910), and having more than four visits to antenatal care centers (OR: 1.917, 95% CI: 1.783–2.061) were significant determinants of delivery at healthcare facilities. Conclusion. Efforts to improve facility-based childbirth in Indonesia must strengthen initiatives that promote women’s education, women’s autonomy, opportunities for wealth creation, and increased uptake of antenatal care, among others. Any barriers related to maternal healthcare services and cultural factors on the use of health facilities for childbirth in Indonesia require further monitoring and evaluation.

Community-level factors associated with the use of facility-based delivery assistance in Uganda: a multilevel analysis

“…The existing literature on the determinants of facilitybased delivery is extensive [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Results from this literature point to various cultural, economic and social reasons that facilitate or deter the use of health facilities for delivery.…”

Urban-Rural Disparities of Facility-Based Childbirth in Indonesia

“…The same conditions apply to Indonesia (Mubasyiroh, Nurhotimah and Laksono, 2016) (Laksono, Wulandari and Soedirham, 2019b). Not only in the use of childbirth services, but also in the use of antenatal care services (Efendi et al, 2019).…”

“…In general, the level of education is directly proportional to wealth status and knowledge of the danger signs of pregnancy. The higher the level of education, the better the wealth status, the more understanding about the danger signs of pregnancy, the more will increase the utilization of health care facilities in childbirth (Shahabuddin et al, 2016) (Asseffa, Bukola and Ayodele, 2016) (Efendi et al, 2019).…”

Urban–Rural Disparities of Facility-Based Childbirth in Indonesia

“…The higher the level of education, the better the wealth status, the more understanding about the danger signs of pregnancy, the more will increase the utilization of health care facilities in childbirth [34] [41]. Not only in the use of childbirth services, but also in the use of antenatal care services [36].…”

“…[35][36). Various studies in several countries on the impact of ownership of health insurance have found findings that have increased the use of health services that is far better[37][38][39][40].…”