Determinants of health-related quality of life among warfarin patients in Pakistan

Abstract

Introduction The effect of anticoagulation control on overall Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in patients taking warfarin in Pakistan has not been explored yet. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate HRQoL among warfarin patients in Pakistan. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients on warfarin in Pakistan. By purposive sampling, data were collected using demographic data collection form and the World Health Organization Quality of Life: Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). The WHOQOL-BREF is comprised of four domains; physical, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results Out of 295 warfarin patients, more females than males (<0.001) were observed (n = 184, 62.4%, and n = 111, 37.6% respectively). One hundred and eighteen (40.0%) patients were less than 30-years of age, whereas one hundred and seventy-seven (60.0%) patients were above 30-years of age. Mean scores for the physical (62.44±15.36), psychological (67.84 ±15.54), social (64.27±26.28) and environment domains (63.45±17.66) were observed.

Reliability and Validity of PSS-10 among Warfarin Patients

“…Stress during cardiac diseases can have longterm negative effects on the overall health of the patients. In the literature, several studies are evident that determined health related quality of life among warfarin and anticoagulant patients [13][14][15][16]. Few studies are also evident that measured stress using the PSS-10 tool but fewer are present that determined PSS-10 psychometric properties among cardiovascular patients especially on warfarin.…”

Predictors of Health-related Quality of Life among Warfarin Patients

“…As a matter of fact, highly educated patients have better understanding of their disease states, drug doses, treatment regimens, and their disease understandings in general [21][22][23][24]. Moreover, to have optimum pharmacotherapy, highly educated patients are more likely to acclimatize their routine lifestyle and adopt preventive measures, resulting in improved therapy outcomes [24][25][26][27].…”

Sociodemographic Determinants of Therapy Adherence among Warfarin Patients

“…Actually, highly educated patients have better understanding of their disease states, drug doses, treatment regimens, and their disease understandings in general [13][14][15][16]. Moreover, to have optimum pharmacotherapy, highly educated patients are more likely to accustom their routine lifestyle and adopt preventive measures, resulting in improved therapy outcomes [17][18][19].…”

“…The probable reason could be that married patients had their partners to remind them and take well care of them which ultimately help them in better adherence to the treatment and to manage their overall warfarin therapy. In the literature, only a few studies have determined the association between treatment satisfaction, warfarin adherence, and INR control whereas several studies on chronic diseases are reported regarding medication adherence, disease knowledge and their effects (positive/negative) on HRQoL among patients [1,16,17] but none reported regarding the sociodemographic correlates of knowledge in warfarin patients.…”