Determinants of health seeking behaviour following rabies exposure in Ethiopia

Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Mourits, M.C.M.; Revie, Crawford W.; Hogeveen, H.

doi:10.1111/zph.12458

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, this practice of victims assessing the risk of rabies to be low based on knowing the dog ownership is dangerous and should be discouraged. Nonetheless, our findings are in concurrence with another study in Ethiopia which found that the likelihood of the dog bite victim visiting a healthcare facility more than doubled when the victim was bitten by a dog of unknown ownership [41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology and preclinical management of dog bites among humans in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Uganda: Implications for prevention of dog bites and rabies

Kisaka

Makumbi

Majalija

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In rabies endemic areas, appropriate management of dog bites is critical in human rabies prevention. Victims must wash bite wounds for 15 minutes with soap, water and disinfectant immediately before seeking medical care. This study investigated the epidemiology of dog bites and determinants of compliance to these preclinical guidelines requirements among dog bite victims from high rabies-burden areas of Wakiso and Kampala, Uganda. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design was used. Quantitative data were collected from 376 dog-bite patients at two healthcare facilities. Qualitative data as also collected through 13 in-depth interviews with patients, healthcare workers, herbalists and veterinarians. Qualitative data were analyzed using a deductive thematic approach. Generalized lineal models were used to determine factors associated with compliance. Nearly half (190, 51%) of the patients were from Wakiso District and 293 (77.9%) had grade II wounds. Most of the wounds (171, 45.5%) were on the legs. Two thirds of the bites occurred in public places. Only 70 (19%) of the bite patients had complied with preclinical guidelines. Nearly half of the patients had applied unrecommended substances such as herbs (47/193), antiseptics (46/193), black stone (25/193) and unknown creams (10/193) on the wounds. Factors negatively associated with compliance included: being aged 15 years or older, adjPR = 0.70 (0.47,0.92) and knowing the dog owner, adjPR=0.65 (0.36,0.93). However, attainment of secondary or higher education, adjPR= 1.76 (1.24,3.79), being in employment, adjPR = 1.48 (1.09,2.31), perception that the dog was sick, adjPR = 1.47 (1.02,2.72) and knowledge about the subsequent victim(s) of the dog adjPR=0.35 (0.17,0.70) were positively associated with compliance. High occurrence of dog bites in public places by free-roaming dogs suggests the need for promotion of responsible dog ownership. Additionally, targeted health education may be required to improve the low compliance to preclinical guidelines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology and preclinical management of dog bites among humans in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Uganda: Implications for prevention of dog bites and rabies

Kisaka

Makumbi

Majalija

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, individuals living in these regions continuously face danger of being attacked by either a domestic or wild animals which may charge and cause injuries. In one study in Ethiopia, both hospitalized and nonhospitalized persons who had suffered a dog bite were enrolled, and it was shown that more than 655 persons had suffered such injuries in a period of 1 year only [1]. Regardless of the population size, it is obvious that this is a high incidence rate and reflects poor legislation governing domestic animal keeping in most LMICs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Trauma and Its Consequences in Rural and Semi-Urban Regions of Low and Middle Income Countries

Moshi¹

2018

Current Issues in Global Health

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Trauma is a common occurrence in the rural and semi-urban regions of the low-and middleincome countries (LMICs) due to existence of risky infrastructure, socioeconomic, and cultural environments. Causes of trauma in these regions range from the commonest road traffic accidents, falls, burns, and assaults to the scarcely reported range of farmyard accidents. A majority of persons who survive trauma in these areas are evacuated from the incident scene and transported to the health facilities by laypersons by using any available vehicles. This state of handling potentially exposes trauma survivors to secondary injuries, worsening the disability and heightening risk to prehospital death. The cost managing persons with trauma is overwhelmingly high for rural areas of LMICs. Most governments of LMICs are not prepared to cater for individual traumatic incidents; so, if a permanent disability is a final outcome, the injured person and the immediate family have to bear the whole rehabilitation cost. In most cases, these rehabilitation costs are either unaffordable or unavailable to the family leading to provision of inappropriate assistive functional and mobility devices. Broader consequences include the inability to engage in income generating activities, while continuously draining the family economy, hence a poverty-disability vicious cycle.

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“…Dogs, as a reservoir of rabies, have the most principal role in rabies transmission to humans. Other mammals and warm-blooded animals can also be infected accidentally (6). Rabies is transmitted mainly through the bite of a rabid animal, infected mucosal tissues or devices, infected air, organ transplantation, and the placental route (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabies is transmitted mainly through the bite of a rabid animal, infected mucosal tissues or devices, infected air, organ transplantation, and the placental route (7). Rabies is the only zoonosis, which is always fatal, so that its mortality rate after the appearance of symptoms is 100% (3,6,8). Due to its high mortality and enormous healthcare costs, rabies is a disease of paramount importance (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The center for Copyright © 2018, Modern Care Journal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited U n c o r r e c t e d P r o o f disease control and prevention recommend passengers to receive rabies vaccine before travelling to these countries (6,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabies-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Among Nomads in South Khorasan, Iran: A Descriptive-Correlational Study

et al. 2018

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Background and Objectives: Rabies is among the oldest known zoonoses. It has a high mortality rate, particularly in developing countries and in rural areas. Rabies prevention and management necessitates adequate information about public rabies-related knowledge and behavior. The present study was done to assess rabies-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice among nomads in South Khorasan province, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2015 on 318 nomads. Sampling was done through multi-stage sampling. A researcher-made 36-item instrument was used for data collection. The data were entered in the SPSS software (v. 16) and analyzed through the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis, at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: A large number of participants had limited knowledge (139 cases; 43.4%), negative attitudes (139 cases; 42.9%), and moderatelevel practice (183 cases; 57.5%) regarding rabies. There were significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.58; P < 0.001), knowledge and practice (r = 0.58; P < 0.001), and attitudes and practice (r = 0.56; P < 0.001). Moreover, rabies-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice had a significant relationship with age and educational status (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that most nomads in South Khorasan had poor rabies-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Therefore, educational strategies are needed to improve their rabies-related knowledge, attitude, and practice, in order to prevent rabies.

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Determinants of health seeking behaviour following rabies exposure in Ethiopia

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Epidemiology and preclinical management of dog bites among humans in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Uganda: Implications for prevention of dog bites and rabies

Epidemiology and preclinical management of dog bites among humans in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Uganda: Implications for prevention of dog bites and rabies

Physical Trauma and Its Consequences in Rural and Semi-Urban Regions of Low and Middle Income Countries

Rabies-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Among Nomads in South Khorasan, Iran: A Descriptive-Correlational Study

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