Determinants of HIV prevalence: A global perspective

LaMontagne, Bernadette; Stockemer, Daniel

doi:10.1057/ip.2010.24

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…While research from international settings showed that income inequality and socioeconomic deprivation are significant drivers of HIV diagnosis (Lamontagne and Stockemer, 2010; Fox, 2012), in the U.S., black racial concentration is also a key driver of HIV-related disparities (Robinson and Moodie-Mills, 2012). We found that black racial concentration robustly predicted late HIV diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Income inequality is a relative measure of economic opportunity, which reflects the gap across a continuum of high to low income (Kawachi et al, 1999). High income inequality has been associated with high HIV prevalence and incidence (Durevall and Lindskog, 2012; Lamontagne and Stockemer, 2010; Brodish, 2014; Lim et al, 2014). Socioeconomic deprivation is an absolute measure of economic inequality often operationalized through an index of factors that include education, unemployment, median household income, and percentage of families in poverty (Niyonsenga et al, 2013; Krieger et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural inequalities drive late HIV diagnosis: The role of black racial concentration, income inequality, socioeconomic deprivation, and HIV testing

et al. 2016

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In the United States, research is limited on the mechanisms that link socioeconomic and structural factors to HIV diagnosis outcomes. We tested whether neighborhood income inequality, socioeconomic deprivation, and black racial concentration were associated with gender-specific rates of HIV in the advanced stages of AIDS (i.e., late HIV diagnosis). We then examined whether HIV testing prevalence and accessibility mediated any of the associations above. Neighborhoods with highest (relative to lowest) black racial concentration had higher relative risk of late HIV diagnosis among men (RR=1.86; 95%CI=1.15, 3.00) and women (RR=5.37; 95% CI=3.16, 10.43) independent of income inequality and socioeconomic deprivation. HIV testing prevalence and accessibility did not significantly mediate the associations above. Research should focus on mechanisms that link black racial concentration to HIV diagnosis outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural inequalities drive late HIV diagnosis: The role of black racial concentration, income inequality, socioeconomic deprivation, and HIV testing

et al. 2016

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“…Key Words: Social determinants of health, HIV infections, health inequalities, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (source: MeSH, NLM). E l VIH/SIDA se ha convertido en una pandemia que completó 30 años de lucha en el año 2011 (1). A medida que las acciones para detener la pandemia avanzan, las cifras de prevalencia no se detienen y a su vez convierten la epidemia en un asunto importante y clave para la salud pública.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…La correlación entre coeficiente de Gini -prevalencia también se ha reportado en Lamontagne (1), quienes encuentran que la baja prevalencia en VIH está correlacionada con ausencia en inequidades de ingreso. Según los autores, por cada disminución de 10 puntos en el coeficiente de GINI, la prevalencia en VIH se reducirá en 0,88 puntos, lo que indica que los países más equitativos deben tener 2-3 puntos porcentuales menos que la prevalencia en VIH de países muy inequitativos (1).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Determinantes estructurales de países con decrecimiento en la prevalencia por la infección VIH/SIDA en el periodo 2001-2011

2015

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Objetivo Analizar y comparar los elementos y características estructurales que permiten establecer un modelo sobre la disminución (superior o igual al 25 %) de la infección por VIH/SIDA, en 22 países durante el periodo 2001 - 2011. Método Cohorte retrospectiva enfocada desde la perspectiva de los determinantes sociales de la salud. La metodología fue desarrollada en 2 etapas: revisión documental (comportamiento de la epidemia) y cuantitativa (modelo de regresión lineal simple para variables económicas y de salud).Resultados Los indicadores que podrían influir sobre el comportamiento del decrecimiento de la prevalencia del VIH son: el PIB Per cápita, el gasto de salud Per cápita y el índice de Gini.Conclusiones Los Determinantes estructurales, así como la inequidades pueden condicionar o no el decrecimiento de la prevalencia del VIH, hipótesis que podría aplicarse a otros problemas de salud pública.

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“…() found a correlation of 0.4 between their income inequality index and HIV infection within 40 US states. LaMontagne and Stockemer () identified nine possible candidate variables from the literature to explain the variation in HIV prevalence of multiple countries. They pointed out lower income inequality as one of the three variables that can help to reduce HIV prevalence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Income Inequality Measures on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mortality: a Spatiotemporal Bayesian Perspective

Aktekin

Musal

2014

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society

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Summary Social, economic, environmental and behavioural factors impacting health are well recognized in the literature. We consider the use of various income inequality measures in addition to a poverty measure and investigate their effects on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mortality. In doing so, we make use of models that can capture zero inflation and spatiotemporal effects. The research is motivated by the lack of studies from an inference and modelling perspectives in explaining HIV mortality by using measures that take into account socio‐economic status as well as time and location. Such a study can help policy makers to identify cases of environmental injustice and areas of outstanding health risk to assist in resource allocation problems. In our numerical example, we make use of mortality data obtained for the state of New York, estimate model parameters from a Bayesian inference perspective and discuss the implications and interpretations of various income inequality measures. The methodological novelty of our study is the introduction of a zero‐inflated Poisson model that can account for both spatial and temporal effects across 5 years (2000–2004). The practical novelty of our study is its attempt to find inequality measures which can improve our understanding of HIV mortality risk. Our results indicate that, for the data at hand, if inequality is calculated on the basis of county‐specific income shares rather than the whole state, HIV mortality can be better explained. In addition, accounting for temporal and spatial effects was found to contribute to our understanding of HIV mortality risk.

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Determinants of HIV prevalence: A global perspective

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Structural inequalities drive late HIV diagnosis: The role of black racial concentration, income inequality, socioeconomic deprivation, and HIV testing

Structural inequalities drive late HIV diagnosis: The role of black racial concentration, income inequality, socioeconomic deprivation, and HIV testing

Determinantes estructurales de países con decrecimiento en la prevalencia por la infección VIH/SIDA en el periodo 2001-2011

Analysis of Income Inequality Measures on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mortality: a Spatiotemporal Bayesian Perspective

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