Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City

Abstract

Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.

Income Effect of Participation in Agricultural Production: The Case of Smallholder Maize Farmers in Tanzania

“…This relationship is statistically significant at the 1% level. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis as well as previous research of Dwi Yennie et al [45] and Balogun et al [46]. This is because maize is a subsistence crop that provides both food and income to households, making it an essential part of their livelihood strategies.…”

Status and determinants of poverty among women-owned micro-businesses in Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia

“…The result reveals that women are more likely to fall into poverty when there are more economically inactive people in their families, which puts a strain on consumption resources. This result is consistent with the empirical findings of Dwi et al (2021), Chaudhry et al (2019), Jayamohan and Kitesa (2014), Mohammed (2017) and Teka et al (2019).…”

“…Age has a positive and significant effect and is directly related to women's poverty at a 1% probability level, suggesting that younger women in this study (18-30 years old) are more likely to be poor because they have fewer assets. This result is in line with the empirical findings of Dwi et al (2021) and Elias et al (2018) while conflicting with Sugiharti and Primanthi's (2017) finding who reported the negative coefficient for the cause-effect relationship between age and poverty. The number of dependents living with women has a direct and significant effect on women's poverty at a less than 1% probability level.…”

Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures and Household Poverty in Kenya: The Case of Cancer

“…It was revealed there are many factors that can affect a person's working status and household poverty. Some of these factors include the availability of job opportunities in a given area, an individual's level of education and job skills, and the individual's personal circumstances (such as caring for children or other family members) (Khusaini, Prasetyia & Rozanti, 2021). In addition, larger societal factors, such as the overall state of the economy and government policies on issues such as minimum wage, can also play a role in working status and household poverty.…”