Determinants of Incident Stunting in Elementary School Children in Endemic Area Iodine Deficiency Disorders Enrekang Regency

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stunting is a global health emergency, including in Indonesia. The prevalence of childhood stunting in 2019 in Enrekang amounted to 44.8%. Enrekang Regency is the area with the highest stunting and is an endemic area. Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) is thought to be correlated with the incidence of stunting. AIM: This study aims to identify the determinants of stunting in elementary school children in IDDs endemic areas in the Enrekang Regency. METHODS: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study were mothers and their children aged 6–12 years. 100 total samples were collected based on the purposive sampling method. Collecting data using a questionnaire, FFQ, iodine test kit, microtia, and palpation. Data analysis using chi-square and logistic regression. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal height (p = 0.020), diet (p = 0.049), PHBS practice (p = 0.012) on the incidence of stunting. While the use of iodized salt (p = 0.510) and palpation of the thyroid gland (p = 1000) were not associated with stunting. Lack of PHBS practices for children has a 6333-fold chance of experiencing stunting, while stunted mothers have a 5.583-fold chance of giving birth to stunting children. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between mother’s height, child’s diet, and PHBS practice with stunting. Analysis of determinants related to the incidence of stunting is very important so that it becomes input and empirical evidence to the regional governments in formulating policies to overcome the problem of stunting, which is the highest in South Sulawesi.

The Relationship Between Early Pregnancy, Birth Distance, and Resident Status with Stunting Incidence in Elementary School Children In Enrekang Rural

“…Parents play an important role in shaping children's eating behavior through parenting and eating patterns (27). Our previous study found a significant relationship between children's diet and the incidence of stunting in Enrekang villages (p=0.049) (28). This finding is in line with a study in Banyumas that found a significant relationship between maternal parenting and stunting (5).…”

The Effectiveness of Nutrition Education about Stunting Using Video Media on The Knowledge and Attitudes of Mothers of Toddlers

“…Basic Health Research (2018) reported a national stunting prevalence of 30.8% (7). This report shows 1 in 3 Indonesian children under five are stunted (4). The latest report according to the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey for 2019, 2021 and 2022 shows that the total stunting children under five in Indonesia are 27.7%, 24.4%, and 21.6% (8).…”

“…Globally, in 2019 it was reported that around 144 million children under five (21.3%) were stunted. Of the world's 144 million children under five who are stunted, more than half come from low-and middle-income countries and only a quarter come from low-income countries (4). Indonesia as a developing country is classified as a health factor including stunting (5), and including countries with the fifth largest contributor to stunting worldwide (6).…”

The Effect of Cadre Training on the Knowledge and Skills of Integrated Healthcare Center Cadres in Monitoring the Growth of Toddlers

“…Of the world's 144 million children under five who are stunted, more than half are from low-and middle-income countries and only a quarter are from low-income countries. More than half of the world's stunted children live in Asia (54%) and more than a third (40%) live in Africa [5]. Poor nutrition in childhood hinders a child's physical and mental development, giving rise to a vicious cycle of intergenerational malnutrition [6].…”

“…Basic Health Research (2018) reported a national stunting prevalence of 30.8% [9]. This shows that 1 in 3 children under five are stunted [5]. Based on the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey report for 2019, 2021 and 2022, the total stunting toddlers in Indonesia are 27.7%, 24.4%, and 21.6% respectively [10].…”