Determinants of Indonesia’s Coffee Commodity with Trading Partner Countries

Abstract

This study measures the Intra Industry Trade Index / Rubel Lloyd Index of Indonesia’s coffee commodities with trading partner countries (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and Philippines) and estimates factors the influence of Intra Industry Trade of Indonesia’s coffee commodities. The presented data is obtained from secondary data with the research period from 2000 to 2019 using panel data analysis to know the extent influence of the independent variables (average GDP, GDP value differences per capita, exchange rates and distance) on the dependent variable (Intra-Industry Trade). Based on the estimation results, it can be concluded that the integration degree of intra-industry trade for Indonesian coffee commodities with trading partner countries has varying degrees. This indicates that there is a dependence on the coffee commodity trade. The availability of coffee commodities in these countries is highly dependent on intra-industry exports and imports value between Indonesia and its trading partner countries.

Liquid Hot Water (LHW) and Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Coffee Berry Waste: Kinetics, Catalysis, and Optimization for the Synthesis of Platform Chemicals

“…Coffee occupies a significant position in today's industry and has a far-reaching impact on economies around the world. With an estimated annual production of more than 169.50 million bags (10 million Tons) [2], coffee has become one of the most traded commodities on the planet [3], supporting the livelihoods of countless farmers, traders, and businesses along its complex supply chain. But its importance transcends mere economic value; coffee represents culture, community, and connection, fostering social interactions and driving innovation [4,5].…”