Determinants of Insecticide Resistance Evolution: Comparative Analysis Among Heliothines

Abstract

It is increasingly clear that pest species vary widely in their propensities to develop insecticide resistance. This review uses a comparative approach to analyze the key pest management practices and ecological and biochemical or genetic characteristics of the target that contribute to this variation. We focus on six heliothine species, three of which, Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis virescens, and Helicoverpa zea, have developed resistances to many pesticide classes. The three others, Helicoverpa punctigera, Helicoverpa assulta, and Helicoverpa gelotopoeon, also significant pests, have developed resistance to very few pesticide classes. We find that host range and movement between alternate hosts are key ecological traits that influence effective selection intensities for resistance. Operational issues are also critical; area-wide, cross-pesticide management practices that account for these ecological factors are key to reducing selection intensity. Without such management, treatment using broad-spectrum chemicals serves to multiply the effects of host plant preference, preadaptive detoxification ability, and high genetic diversity to create a pesticide treadmill for the three high-propensity species.Without rigorous ongoing management, such a treadmill could still develop for newer, more selective chemistries and insecticidal transgenic crops.

An Antenna-Abundant Glutathione S-Transferase BdGSTd8 Participates in Detoxification of Two Organophosphorus Insecticides in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)

“…According to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), problems with food security have begun to increase and negatively impacted about 2.4 billion people in the world. 1 Insect pests threaten the development of crop and agriculture economics, 2 and to reduce the damage from these pests, insecticides are heavily used to control them in fields. Additionally, different chemical classes of insecticides have been characterized to improve their effects.…”

“…Additionally, different chemical classes of insecticides have been characterized to improve their effects. However, the intensive and widespread application of insecticides over the years has helped evolve pest resistance. , For example, organophosphorus (OPs), cyclodienes, carbamates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids are widely used in Myzus persicae (peach potato) aphid control, but this pest has been documented to be resistant to all these . To mitigate this issue, the evolutionary mechanism of insecticide resistance needs to be elucidated to cull pest populations more efficiently.…”

Rapid evolution of pesticide resistance via adaptation and interspecific introgression in a major North American crop pest

“…H. zea populations are well connected between North and South America, as evidenced by the spillover of H. armigera ancestry that we report here. Pyrethroids have been commonly used in both Brazil and the US for pest control in cotton and maize (Walsh et al 2022).…”

Helicoverpa armigera preference and performance on three cultivars of short‐duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan): the importance of whole plant assays

“…[5][6][7] Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Noctuidae) is a key pest of agriculture that attacks many crops throughout Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, and South America. [8][9][10][11] Due to the pest's propensity to rapidly evolve resistance to insecticides, [12][13][14] there is an emphasis on developing sustainable, less chemically intense management practices. Integrated pest management tactics that are already used for managing H. armigera include biopesticides, 15 biological control, 16,17 and transgenic crops.…”