Determinants of malnutrition among children: A systematic review

Katoch, Om Raj

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2021.111565

Cited by 100 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…First, pathogen specific virulence factors, including toxins or the presence of eatA or etpA (ETEC) or aaf genes (EAEC), may alter host-pathogen interactions and increase intestinal damage. Cultural practices may alter the risk of exposure to enteropathogens (50). Importantly, our models only explain a small portion of the variance, suggesting unmeasured confounders continue to contribute to impaired anthropometric measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of diarrheagenicEscherichia coliand impact on child health in Cap-Haitien, Haiti

Diaz

Iannotti

Dulience

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are common pathogens infecting children during their growth and development. Determining the epidemiology and the impact of DEC on child anthropometric measures informs prioritization of prevention efforts. These relationships were evaluated in a novel setting, Cap-Haitien, Haiti. Methods A case-control study of children 6-36 months of age enrolled 99 cases with diarrhea and 96 asymptomatic controls. Assessments were performed at enrollment and one month follow-up. Established PCR methodologies targeted DEC using fecal swabs. The association between pathogens and anthropometric z-scores was determined using multiple linear regression. Results Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was identified in 21.9% of cases vs. 16.1% of controls with heat-stable producing ETEC significantly associated with symptomatic disease. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) was found in 30.2% of cases vs. 27.3% of controls, and typical enteropathogenic E. coli in 6.3% vs. 4.0% of cases and controls, respectively. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated ETEC and EAEC were significantly associated with reduced weight-age z-score (WAZ) and height-age z-score (HAZ) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions DEC are prevalent in north Haitian children. ETEC, EAEC, household environment, and diet are associated with unfavorable anthropometric measures. Further studies may quantify the contribution of individual pathogens to adverse health outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of diarrheagenicEscherichia coliand impact on child health in Cap-Haitien, Haiti

Diaz

Iannotti

Dulience

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…19,26,27 Our findings on the association of low maternal education attainment with child stunting, underweight, wasting and anaemia corroborates the findings of previous studies. 10,11,18,28,29,30 High maternal education attainment confers better nutritional status of children through proper child welfare and feeding practices, household environmental condition, and participation of mothers in the household decision-making process. Educated mothers are often very conscious of the health of their children and as a result, are more likely to adopt scientifically proven feeding practices as it would help to improve their children's nutritional Accepted manuscript status.…”

Section: Synthesis With Previous Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Do dietary practices and household environmental quality mediate socio-economic inequalities in child undernutrition risk in West Africa?

Dwomoh

Sewor²,

Annim³

et al. 2022

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: We investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and child undernutrition in West Africa (WA), and further examined the mediating role of dietary practices (measured as Minimum Dietary Diversity [MDD], Minimum Meal Frequency [MMF], and Minimum acceptable diet [MAD]) and household environmental quality (HEQ) in the observed relationship. Design: Thirteen countries were included in the study. We leveraged the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys datasets ranging from 2010 to 2019. Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to estimate prevalence ratios and their corresponding 95% CIs. Structural Equation Modelling was used to conduct the mediation analysis. Setting: West Africa Participants: 132,448 under-five children born within five years preceding the survey were included. Results: Overall, 32.5%, 8.2%, 20.1% and 71.7% of WA children were stunted, wasted, underweight and anaemic, respectively. Prevalence of undernutrition decreased with increasing maternal education and household wealth (Trend p-values < 0.001). Secondary or higher maternal education and residence in rich households were associated with statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and anaemia among children in WA. MAD was found to mediate the association of low maternal education and poor household wealth with childhood stunting and underweight by 35.9% to 44.5%. MDD, MMF and HEQ did not mediate the observed relationship. Conclusions: The study findings enables an evaluation and improvement of existing intervention strategies through a socioeconomic lens to help address the high burden of child undernutrition in WA and other developing regions.

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“…There are two out of five teachers without the necessary devices to teach classes online. Other issues for online teaching include: figuring out online etiquette, parents hovering during online classes, maintaining discipline online is difficult, unequal access for all students, learning patterns, technology access, additional responsibilities, and mental health [27,28]. As a result of this crisis, academic professionals have been forced to examine many inadequacies and inequities in our education systems -from access to the broadband and computers necessary for online education to the supportive environments needed to focus on learning [29].…”

Section: The Transition Was Challengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work from Home during COVID-19: Perceptions of Academic Professionals in India

Katoch

2022

SAJSSE

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The coronavirus pandemic, also known as COVID-19, spread worldwide, leading to an ongoing global pandemic. The pandemic has severely impacted educational systems globally as well as in India. Most governments have temporarily closed educational institutions, with many switching to online education. Around 168 million students and youths were affected by the closures of schools in response to this pandemic by September 2020. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of academic professionals working in higher educational institutions (HEIs) in India about working from home due to the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 615 academic professionals working in HEIs across India took part in the survey. An online questionnaire was designed in 'Google Forms' and sent to the respondents via E-mail, WhatsApp, Facebook, and Twitter to collect the required information. The data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS [version 28.0.1] to find the frequencies and Chi-square tests. Results indicated that gender, designation, employee age, and stream teaching were found to have significant influences on perceptions of work from home (WFH) policies, productivity while teaching from home digitally, work-life balance (except for gender), and the quality of teaching from home (except for stream teaching).

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Determinants of malnutrition among children: A systematic review

Cited by 100 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence of diarrheagenicEscherichia coliand impact on child health in Cap-Haitien, Haiti

Prevalence of diarrheagenicEscherichia coliand impact on child health in Cap-Haitien, Haiti

Do dietary practices and household environmental quality mediate socio-economic inequalities in child undernutrition risk in West Africa?

Work from Home during COVID-19: Perceptions of Academic Professionals in India

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