Determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit Adama, Ethiopia: A case–control study

Predictors of neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia

“…According to reports, newborns with low birth weight (LBW) were 1.54 times more likely to die in hospitals than newborns with birth weights of 2500 grams and higher. This relationship between low birth weight and neonatal mortality events was signi cant, according to the report of a study from Jimma, Ethiopia [19]; which is consistent with reports of studies from Adama, Ethiopia [23]and Dilla, Ethiopia [24] measuring 1.6 and 2.44 times more likely deaths to LBW neonates as compared to neonates with birth weight ≥ 2500 grams. In keeping with a study from Wolaita, Ethiopia, neonates with low birth weights have a nine-fold higher risk of dying than those with normal birth weights [29].…”

“…However, the prevalence of neonatal death was much higher than studies conducted in the Somali Region, Ethiopia, at 5.7% (20); the North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia, at 4.4% (21); and the East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, at 6.6% (22). The neonatal hospital mortality rate of 28 per 1000 neonates-days was highly consistent with a similar study done in Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, at 27 per 1000 neonates-days (23). However, the nding was higher than the mortality rate determined in Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia, at 25 per 1000 neonates-days (24).The discrepancy might be due to differences in sample sizes, in sociocultural and socioeconomic aspects, in health service utilization, including giving birth at health institutions by skilled care providers and health seeking for sick neonates, the variation in health institution setup, and economic disparities among study participants (19,25,26).…”

“…In addition, a study in Kenya found that the risk of newborn death attributable to prematurity is more than 7.0 times higher when compared to controls with a GA of 37 weeks and above [22]. Preterm babies are more likely to die than mature neonates by 3.3 and 2.5 times, respectively, according to research done in Adama and Dilla, Ethiopia [23,24]. Prematurity may lead to poor neonatal outcomes due to the immaturity of the respiratory and circulatory systems, susceptibility to infection, hypothermia, and failure to adjust to the external environment [25][26][27][28].…”

Neonatal Mortality and Its Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to Wollega University Referral Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, East Wollega, Ethiopia

“…This finding is consistent with the studies done in Libya and Ethiopia: Debre Markos referral hospital, Dessie referral hospital, Black lion hospital and Adama hospital medical. 8,17,[20][21][22] Oxygen deficit at delivery (birth asphyxia) can lead to severe hypoxic ischemic organ damage in newborns followed by a fatal outcome or severe life-long pathologies. Therefore, provisions of quality neonatal care including quality resuscitation, thermal care, and proper feeding are important to reduce adverse outcome of neonates admitted with asphyxia.…”

“…This finding is in concordance with previous studies conducted in Ethiopia: Eastern part of Ethiopia public hospitals, Dessie referral hospital and Adama hospital medical college. 10,20,22 If infection is not treated immediately, it can be complicated to septic shock and multiple organ dysfunctions in which both are the most common causes of death in the neonatal period.…”