Determinants of Periodic Health Examination Uptake: Insights from a Jordanian Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Routine Periodic Health Examinations (PHE) for asymptomatic adults involve clinical preventive services provided by primary healthcare clinicians to individuals without signs or symptoms. This routine process aims to prevent morbidity and mortality by identifying modifiable risk factors and early signs of treatable diseases. PHE is a common procedure in primary healthcare worldwide, including Jordan. The country is undergoing an epidemiological transition toward non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality The prevalence of smoking is among the highest in the world with escalating rates of obesity and physical inactivity. Notably, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most significant concerns. Objectives : The goals of this study are to determine the extent to which individuals in Jordan participate in periodic health examinations and to evaluate the various sociodemographic, health-related, knowledge, and behavioural factors that influence this participation. Methods The research methodology employed in this study is a cross-sectional approach that includes 362 participants aged 18 years or older residing in Jordan. A convenient sampling method was utilized, and data were collected through an online questionnaire. The analysis involves the application of logistic regression through SPSS to investigate the relationship between various influencing factors and the uptake of periodic health examinations (PHE) . Results Our study indicates that 27.1% of participants underwent periodic health examinations (PHE) within the last 2 years, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 22.8% to 31.9%. Noteworthy predictors of PHE uptake among Jordanians include recent visits to a primary health care facility within the last year, monthly income, and knowledge levels regarding periodic health examinations and preventive health measures. These variables emerged as the strongest predictors in our analysis, shedding light on key factors influencing PHE participation in the population. Conclusion: Periodic health examination uptake is notably low in Jordan. Key determinants of this uptake include recent visits to a primary health care facility within the last year, monthly income, and knowledge levels regarding periodic health examination (PHE) and preventive health services. To enhance PHE participation, there is a critical need for the integration of periodic health examinations with primary health care services in Jordan