Determinants of podoconiosis, a case control study

Feleke, Berhanu Elfu

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v27i5.8

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The odds of Podoconiosis was 3.69 times higher in a participant who had a family income less than 500 ETB as compared to a participant who had family income greater than 500 ETB [AOR = 3:69, 95% CI (1.271-10.727)]. This finding agrees with the study done in the East and West Gojjam zones [20]. This might be due to the reason that, as family income decreases, there are poor housing conditions, and so they were most likely barefoot and have difficult educational access, which lead to poor awareness about the prevention methods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Magnitude of Podoconiosis and Its Associated Factors among an Adult Population in Waghmra Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Getie

Kitaw

Nigatu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Background. Podoconiosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases, and it is a nonfilarial elephantiasis caused by prolonged barefoot exposure to irritant soil. This is manifested by slowly progressive swelling of the foot and lower leg which may lead to an irreversible disability among affected people. Podoconiosis is an entirely noncommunicable preventable disease with a low-cost preventive mechanism. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude and factor affecting Podoconiosis in Waghmra zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 808 household members. A multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. A pretested semistructured questionnaire, observation, and clinical screening were used to collect data. The data were entered using EpiData version 4.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with Podoconiosis. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance; in multivariable analysis, variables with a P value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result. According this study’s results, 4.3% of study participants were affected by Podoconiosis. A family number of four and above [AOR=3.29, 95% CI (1.013-10.661)], family income of less than 500 ETB [AOR=3.69, 95% CI (1.271-10.727)], distance from a health facility greater than 3 km [AOR=6.69, 95% CI (1.610-27.863)], no shoe wearing habits [AOR=5.02, 95% CI (1.969-12.778)], age at first wearing of shoes at 10 and above [AOR=4.46, 95% CI (1.792-11.102)], and no feet washing habits [AOR=3.87, 95% CI (1.516-9.883)] are significant factors of Podoconiosis. Conclusion. Creating awareness about the importance of shoe wearing, feet hygiene, and building infrastructure such as a road, health facility, and water supply were essential preventive strategies. Training about early diagnosis and effective management of lymphedema, giving emphasis on hygiene education and sanitation program, and reporting any suspected Podoconiosis case as early as possible are some of the recommendations forwarded.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The study subjects who were barefoot were 5.02 times more likely to develop Podoconiosis than those who wore shoes [AOR = 5.02, 95% CI (1.969-12.778)]. This finding was similar to the study done in Soddo Zuria district, Midakegn district, East and West Gojjam zones, and tropical Africa [ 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Magnitude of Podoconiosis and Its Associated Factors among an Adult Population in Waghmra Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Getie

Kitaw

Nigatu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…e risk of acquiring podoconiosis among participants who washed their leg daily was greatly lower compared to those who washed their leg sometimes. is might be due to the reason that keeping foot hygiene will detach the possible provoking agent away from susceptible hosts and it is consistent with the reports of [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Assessment of Etiology of Elephantiasis and Its Associated Risk Factors in Jeldu District, West Shoa, Ethiopia

Negasa¹,

Dufera

2021

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Elephantiasis is the main cause of tropical lymphoedema in Ethiopia. The aim of the current study was to assess the etiology of elephantiasis and its associated risk factors. Cross-sectional community-based study was carried out from March to May 2020 in seven purposively selected villages of Jeldu district. Identified suspected cases of elephantiasis in those villages were interviewed, clinically observed, and serologically examined using filariasis test strip kits at their respective houses during day time. A midnight blood sample was obtained from all FTS positive cases for microscopic examination of Wuchereria bancrofti larva, microfilariae. From a total of 105 identified elephantiasis cases, 69.5% were podoconiosis cases and 30.5% were LF cases. Among 32 serologically positive cases, only 15.6% cases were found positive by parasitological blood diagnosis. Considerable cases of podoconiosis (37%) were at age range 26–40 years, whereas smallest cases (16.4%) were at 10–25 years. Among cases of podoconiosis and LF, 77 subjects have been developed overt chronic leg(s) swelling; 85.7% of them showed bilateral swelling below knee and 14.3% of them showed unilateral swelling with stage II swelling 41.1%. Regarding risk factors, odds of podoconiosis was greatly lower in participants who washed their legs daily when compared to those who washed their legs sometimes ( P = 0.002 ). Odds of LF was higher in people who used bed nets/IRS and they were more protected than those who did not use bed nets/IRS ( P = 0.03 ). Odds of LF was high in cases farming besides rivers and/or perform irrigation work ( P = 0.003 ). The highest silicon concentration 4.65 mg/10 gm in Urgaha is coinciding with the highest podoconiosis cases (23.3%) of the village. Family history was a significant risk factor for the disease ( P ≤ 0.001 ). Age (26–40 years), sex, and leg hygiene were also strong risk factors. Both etiologies of elephantiasis, LF and podoconiosis, are geographically overlapped in Jeldu district.

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“…A major and serious complication of podoconiosis is acute adenolymphangitis, which presents as a warm, painful sensation in the limbs, accompanied by fever 2. In addition to prolonged exposure to soil, many studies have shown that the prevalence of podoconiosis is associated with feet hygiene, shoe-wearing habit, gender, age, occupation, housing condition and income status 4–7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Podoconiosis is endemic in 345 districts of Ethiopia, the majority of cases being in Oromia, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ and Amhara regional states 16. In Ethiopia, studies have shown that podoconiosis is significantly associated with soil texture and land topography,17 washing practices and frequency of shoe-wearing,4 18 family history, and being barefoot 5. Although simple and effective treatment strategies are available in Ethiopia, patients with podoconiosis tend to discontinue their treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of podoconiosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

et al. 2020

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IntroductionPodoconiosis is a non-filarial swelling of the lower extremity endemic in tropical regions, North America and India. The aetiology and pathophysiology of the disease remain unknown. We propose conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the burden and risk factors of podoconiosis in Ethiopia reported in studies from 2009 to 2019.Methods and analysisWe will search the following electronic databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Hinari, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ISI (Web of Science) and Google Scholar. Medical subject headings will be used to extensively search relevant literature on electronic databases using related keywords such as epidemiology or prevalence, magnitude or burden, podoconiosis, and Ethiopia. Grey literature and manual search will also be performed to retrieve unindexed research articles. Two reviewers will screen all retrieved articles, conduct data extraction and then critically appraise all identified studies. We will analyse data using STATA V.14 statistical software. We will demonstrate pooled estimates of podoconiosis and associated factors with effect size and 95% CI. The presence of heterogeneity among studies will be examined by forest plot as well as the I2heterogeneity test. Potential causes of heterogeneity will be explored by carrying out sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The presence of publication bias will also be examined by observing funnel plots and objectively by Egger’s regression test. If the funnel plot is asymmetric and/or Egger’s test was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05), the trim and fill (Duval and Tweedie’s) analysis will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThe study will use publicly available data and will not identify the authors of the publication by name. In light of these and as has been indicated, research ethics clearance is not required for evidence syntheses in such reviews. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019127459.

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Determinants of podoconiosis, a case control study

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Magnitude of Podoconiosis and Its Associated Factors among an Adult Population in Waghmra Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Magnitude of Podoconiosis and Its Associated Factors among an Adult Population in Waghmra Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Assessment of Etiology of Elephantiasis and Its Associated Risk Factors in Jeldu District, West Shoa, Ethiopia

Epidemiology of podoconiosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

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