Determinants of post-congressional lobbying employment

Kim, Jin‐Hyuk

doi:10.1007/s10101-013-0122-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some of this analysis is not easily achieved because of the separation of these data sets within the OpenSecrets database, though we note we were unable to access the bulk of data (which may provide a more interoperable data set). The LobbyView database (created by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) also draws on US federal lobbying reports and presents opportunities to link lobbying activities to specific policies 48 . It has previously been used to analyze US lobbying of the WHO 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Lobbying Footprint of Harmful Industries: 23 Years of Data From OpenSecrets

CHUNG,

CULLERTON,

LACY‐NICHOLS

2024

Milbank Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Policy Points Our research reveals the similarities and differences among the lobbying activities of tobacco, alcohol, gambling, and ultraprocessed food industries, which are often a barrier to the implementation of public health policies. Over 23 years, we found that just six organizations dominated lobbying expenses in the tobacco and alcohol sectors, whereas the gambling sector outsourced most of their lobbying to professional firms. Databases like OpenSecrets are a useful resource to monitor the commercial determinants of health. ContextCommercial lobbying is often a barrier to the development and implementation of public health policies. Yet, little is known about the similarities and differences in the lobbying practices of different industry sectors or types of commercial actors. This study compares the lobbying practices of four industry sectors that have been the focus of much public health research and advocacy: tobacco, alcohol, gambling, and ultraprocessed foods.MethodsData on lobbying expenditures and lobbyist backgrounds were sourced from the OpenSecrets database, which monitors lobbying in the United States. Lobbying expenditure data were analyzed for the 1998–2020 period. We classified commercial actors as companies or trade associations. We used Power BI software to link, analyze, and visualize data sets.FindingsWe found that the ultraprocessed food industry spent the most on lobbying ($1.15 billion), followed by gambling ($817 million), tobacco ($755 million), and alcohol ($541 million). Overall, companies were more active than trade associations, with associations being least active in the tobacco industry. Spending was often highly concentrated, with two organizations accounting for almost 60% of tobacco spending and four organizations accounting for more than half of alcohol spending. Lobbyists that had formerly worked in government were mainly employed by third‐party lobby firms.ConclusionsOur study shows how comparing the lobbying practices of different industry sectors offers a deeper appreciation of the diversity and similarities of commercial actors. Understanding these patterns can help public health actors to develop effective counterstrategies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Lobbying Footprint of Harmful Industries: 23 Years of Data From OpenSecrets

CHUNG,

CULLERTON,

LACY‐NICHOLS

2024

Milbank Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 1995 Lobbying Disclosure Act made the lobbying process more transparent, meaning that registered lobbyists were required to report on activities conducted in the interests of their clients. In this article, we use the LobbyView data set as it allows for analysis of JAMIESON AND LOUIS-CHARLES | 301 reported lobbying from 1999 to 2020 by report, issue and client based on these disclosures (I. S. Kim, 2018). Out of all lobbying issue codes, the amount spent on disaster planning and emergencies is 33rd out of 79 issues, with taxation, budget/appropriations and health issues the three issues with the most money spent on lobbying.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lobbying and emergency management in the United States: Issues, priorities and implications

Jamieson

Louis-Charles

2022

Contingencies & Crisis Mgmt

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent scholarship has explored the impact of interest groups on policy in the United States. However, little remains known about lobbying efforts and their effects in emergency management. Through analysis of a large data set of declared political activities from 1999 to 2020, we describe lobbying efforts in disaster planning and emergencies. Our findings suggest that lobbying efforts and expenditure are positively associated with appropriations (but not disaster incidence or severity), that corporations and trade associations are the organizations most involved in lobbying and that many of these efforts appear to be aimed at impacting legislation and the procurement of public funds for recovery efforts. We also find that only a minuscule number of lobbying efforts are related to socially vulnerable populations or social equity concerns. Collectively, these insights raise important questions about this process, demonstrating the need for further research to better understand lobbying and emergency management in the United States across all phases of the disaster life cycle.

show abstract

“…20 Because most rulings are issued in the form of a letter to the applicant, it is normally possible to extract the name of the firm that submitted the request from the ruling's text. These names were then approximately matched to the names of firms appearing in the firm-level LobbyView database (https://www.lobbyview.org/) (Kim, 2018). The LobbyView database contains information from thousands of digitized lobbying reports filed under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995.…”

Section: Hypotheses and Research Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escape from tariffs: The political economies of protection and classification

Mangini

2023

Economics & Politics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The literature on the political economy of trade protection has focused on how firms lobby for their preferred tariffs, but opportunities to change the tariff schedule in the United States by legislation are relatively uncommon. How can importers lobbying in their private capacity escape from tariffs without relying on Congress? In the United States, products must be sorted into tariff categories by the customs office before the appropriate duty can be determined. This article documents how firms seek to lower their tariffs by strategically requesting product classifications from customs. Firms hire lawyers to make legal arguments to customs officials promoting an interpretation of the tariff schedule which lowers their costs. Lobbying for favorable classification is most important to the firm when similar categories have very different tariffs. The language of product descriptions is political because legal arguments for a particular classification are more persuasive when the descriptions are worded flexibly. Using a data set of over 200,000 classification rulings between 1990 and 2020, I find evidence that firms request classifications in response to certain quotas and the China tariffs. The findings characterize the tariff schedule as a living document and describe how the distribution of tariffs and the language of product descriptions affect the structure of protection.

show abstract

Determinants of post-congressional lobbying employment

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Mapping the Lobbying Footprint of Harmful Industries: 23 Years of Data From OpenSecrets

Mapping the Lobbying Footprint of Harmful Industries: 23 Years of Data From OpenSecrets

Lobbying and emergency management in the United States: Issues, priorities and implications

Escape from tariffs: The political economies of protection and classification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About