Determinants of rural out-migration in Ethiopia: Who stays and who goes?

Abstract

Lack of knowledge on migration in rural Ethiopia 2 Challenges of migration studies 3 Conceptual framework and exploratory analysis 4 Methodology 4.1 Study sites and sampling 4.2 Method of data collection 4.3 Methods of data analysis 5 Characteristics of the sampled households and migrants 5.1 Comparison of the sample with rural Ethiopia and the Amhara region 5.2 Characteristics of the migrants 6 Determinants of migration decisions 6.1 Binary logistic regression explaining the propensity to migrate 6.2 Determinants explaining the propensity for short-term and longterm migration choices 7 Discussion 7.1 Discussion of the research design 7.2 Results confirming prior research 7.3 Results contributing to the discussion of ambiguous migration determinants 7.4 Results supplementing the NELM framework 8 Conclusion 9 Acknowledgements References

Formal Education and Migration Aspirations in Ethiopia

“…In general, those moving to or leaving urban areas tend to be more highly educated than rural‐rural migrants and non‐migrants (Table ; Figure ). Other studies in Ethiopia have found that internal migrants tend to be more highly educated than non‐migrants (Tegegne and Penker ; Bezu and Holden ), and Blunch and Laderchi () found that migrants obtain higher returns to their education than non‐migrants. These authors note that in, addition to economic opportunity, educational facilities in urban areas can be an attractive factor.…”

Migration as one of several adaptation strategies for environmental limitations in Tunisia: evidence from El Faouar

“…The most susceptible areas to water scarcity and management of this problem are those in arid and semiarid zones. Some results of empirical studies focused on migration in droughtaffected areas have already been published (Findley, 1994;Morrissey, 2013;Rain, 2000;Tegegne & Penker, 2016;Vidyattama, Cassells, Li, & Abello, 2016). Although there is a significant number of these studies (CLIMIG, 2018), there is still a need for a deeper understanding of the ongoing processes that push people to migration.…”

Rural migration in sub-Saharan Africa: patterns, drivers and relation to structural transformation

“…This result contrasts with the hypothesis that the size of the family and more importantly household's experience of shocks drive them to send out a member. In their study on Ethiopia, Tegegne and Penker (2016) found household's size to be a significant predictor of rural out−migration. This difference in results may be explained by the local context, and more likely by the fact that a single year was used here for the regression analysis with inherent endogeneity issues.…”

“…Due to data and time limitations, the statistical analyses developed in the paper only represent a preliminary stage with successive descriptive and inferential statistics for which all tests adopt the 1 percent and 5 percent significance levels. The main caveat related to the results is the endogeneity of migration variables (discussed further in sections 2.1 and 4.1): because the analyses rely on a single wave (year) of surveys, they do not allow to capture the direction of causality between migration and the selected variables (Tegegne and Penker, 2016). A comparative bivariate descriptive analysis for rural and urban migrant households, as well as for rural migrant households (MHHs) and non−migrant households (NMHHs), was first developed in order to provide key socio−demographic information on rural out−migrants' profiles.…”

“…They are drawn from three main domains of household characteristics: demography, human capital and economic well− being. Traditionally, these variables have been found to be important drivers or determinants of migration (Tegegne and Penker, 2016) albeit varying results exist in different contexts. The BLR used for analysing the drivers of rural out−migration in this paper is a function of a combination of both push−pull factors.…”