Determinants of S. cerevisiae Dynein Localization and Activation

Sheeman, Brina; Carvalho, Pedro; Sagot, Isabelle; Geiser, John R.; Kho, David; Hoyt, M. Andrew; Pellman, David

doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00013-7

Cited by 229 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Supersensitivity to the microtubule depolymerizing drug benomyl is a common occurrence in both ␣-tubulin and ␤-tubulin mutants (5). Sensitivity of the TUB1 and tub1-Glu cells to benomyl was tested by spotting fixed numbers of cells on rich plates containing different concentrations of the drug (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) g͞ml) ( Fig. 2A) and examining cell growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cytoplasmic dyneindependent pathway is responsible for microtubule pulling at the cell cortex during the pronounced spindle oscillations at the neck of a budded cell and contributes to the forces required to pull the nucleus through the aperture between mother cell and bud (18,25,26). In tub1-Glu and itub1-Glu cells, nuclear positioning to the neck did not show obvious alterations, whereas microtubule pulling, nuclear oscillations, and nucleus migration into the bud were drastically reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppression of nuclear oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing Glu tubulin

Badin-Larçon

Boscheron

Soleilhac

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In most eukaryotic cells, the C-terminal amino acid of ␣-tubulin is aromatic (Tyr in mammals and Phe in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and is preceded by two glutamate residues. In mammals, the C-terminal Tyr of ␣-tubulin is subject to cyclic removal from the peptide chain by a carboxypeptidase and readdition to the chain by a tubulin-Tyr ligase. There is evidence that tubulin-Tyr ligase suppression and the resulting accumulation of detyrosinated (Glu) tubulin favor tumor growth, both in animal models and in human cancers. However, the molecular basis for this apparent stimulatory effect of Glu tubulin accumulation on tumor progression is unknown. Here we have developed S. cerevisiae strains expressing only Glu tubulin and used them as a model to assess the consequences of Glu tubulin accumulation in cells. We find that Glu tubulin strains show defects in nuclear oscillations. These defects are linked to a markedly decreased association of the yeast ortholog of CLIP170, Bik1p, with microtubule plus-ends. These results indicate that the accumulation of Glu tubulin in cells affects microtubule tip complexes that are important for microtubule interactions with the cell cortex.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of nuclear oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing Glu tubulin

Badin-Larçon

Boscheron

Soleilhac

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…It is likely that these gene losses relate to a major phenotypic difference between K. polysporus and other yeasts: its asci typically contain 50 -100 spores, which are formed by extra mitotic replications after meiosis (21, 22). In S. cerevisiae, dynein and dynactin serve to position the mitotic spindle across the bud neck (23), but the extra mitoses in K. polysporus occur in cells without buds.…”

Section: Kluyveromyces Polysporus Is a Member Of The Post-wgd Clade Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent sorting-out of thousands of duplicated gene pairs in two yeast species descended from a whole-genome duplication

Scannell

Frank

Conant

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

208

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Among yeasts that underwent whole-genome duplication (WGD), Kluyveromyces polysporus represents the lineage most distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By sequencing the K. polysporus genome and comparing it with the S. cerevisiae genome using a likelihood model of gene loss, we show that these species diverged very soon after the WGD, when their common ancestor contained >9,000 genes. The two genomes subsequently converged onto similar current sizes (5,600 protein-coding genes each) and independently retained sets of duplicated genes that are strikingly similar. Almost half of their surviving single-copy genes are not orthologs but paralogs formed by WGD, as would be expected if most gene pairs were resolved independently. In addition, by comparing the pattern of gene loss among K. polysporus, S. cerevisiae, and three other yeasts that diverged after the WGD, we show that the patterns of gene loss changed over time. Initially, both members of a duplicate pair were equally likely to be lost, but loss of the same gene copy in independent lineages was increasingly favored at later time points. This trend parallels an increasing restriction of reciprocal gene loss to more slowly evolving gene pairs over time and suggests that, as duplicate genes diverged, one gene copy became favored over the other. The apparent low initial sequence divergence of the gene pairs leads us to propose that the yeast WGD was probably an autopolyploidization.genomics ͉ polyploidy ͉ reciprocal gene loss ͉ Vanderwaltozyma polyspora A n ancestor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae underwent wholegenome duplication (WGD) after it had diverged from non-WGD yeast lineages such as Kluyveromyces lactis, Kluyveromyces waltii, and Ashbya gossypii (1-4). The WGD had a major impact on the evolution of S. cerevisiae and its relatives, most notably by facilitating their adaptation to anaerobic growth (5) and contributing to their rapid speciation (6). In S. cerevisiae, Ϸ20% of genes are members of duplicated pairs that were formed in the WGD (7). The other loci became single-copy again during the sorting-out process (genome reduction) that occurred after the WGD. Similar large-scale loss of copies of duplicated genes from paleopolyploid genomes has occurred during the evolution of plants such as grasses and crucifers (8-11).Because the S. cerevisiae genome sequence is a single observation of the evolutionary result of the WGD that occurred in a yeast ancestor, it has not been clear whether the set of genes that survived the sorting-out process in S. cerevisiae was an inevitable outcome of the WGD, or whether stochastic processes played a major role. Two questions need to be answered. First, are the loci that remain duplicated in S. cerevisiae a special subset of the pre-WGD genome, that were somehow more amenable to retention in duplicate after WGD? Second, for loci that are now single-copy in S. cerevisiae, was retention of one particular gene copy preferred over the other? These questions are best addressed by studying the genomes of other yeast species tha...

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“…Proteins homologous to vertebrate Lis1 have been identified in several organisms, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (29), Aspergillus nidulans (30), Caenorhabditis elegans (31), and Drosophila (32). In yeast and A. nidulans Lis1 homologues play a role in dynein-mediated nuclear migration (30,(33)(34)(35). In the mouse, Lis1 also interacts with the nuclear migration proteins NUDC (36) and mNudE-L (37) suggesting a similar role.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of a Testis-specific Lis1 Transcript in Mice Prevents Spermatid Differentiation and Causes Male Infertility

Nayernia¹,

Vauti

Meinhardt

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Lis1 protein is the non-catalytic component of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b (PAF-AH 1B) and associated with microtubular structures. Hemizygous mutations of the LIS1 gene cause type I lissencephaly, a brain abnormality with developmental defects of neuronal migration. Lis1 is also expressed in testis, but its function there has not been determined. We have generated a mouse mutant (LIS1 GT/GT ) by gene trap integration leading to selective disruption of a Lis1 splicing variant in testis. Homozygous mutant males are infertile with no other apparent phenotype. We demonstrate that Lis1 is predominantly expressed in spermatids, and spermiogenesis is blocked when Lis1 is absent. Mutant spermatids fail to form correct acrosomes and nuclei appear distorted in size and shape. The tissue architecture in mutant testis appears severely disturbed displaying collapsed seminiferous tubules, mislocated germ cells, and increased apoptosis. These results provide evidence for an essential and hitherto uncharacterized role of the Lis1 protein in spermatogenesis, particularly in the differentiation of spermatids into spermatozoa.

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Determinants of S. cerevisiae Dynein Localization and Activation

Cited by 229 publications

References 43 publications

Suppression of nuclear oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing Glu tubulin

Suppression of nuclear oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing Glu tubulin

Independent sorting-out of thousands of duplicated gene pairs in two yeast species descended from a whole-genome duplication

Inactivation of a Testis-specific Lis1 Transcript in Mice Prevents Spermatid Differentiation and Causes Male Infertility

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