Determinants of serum cadmium levels in a Northern Italy community: A cross-sectional study

Filippini, Tommaso; Michalke, Bernhard; Malagoli, Carlotta; Grill, Peter; Bottecchi, Ilaria; Malavolti, Marcella; Vescovi, Luciano; Sieri, Sabina; Krogh, Vittorio; Cherubini, Andrea; Maffeis, Giuseppe; Marina, Modenesi; Castiglia, Paolo; Vinceti, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.002

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…All these factors will have resulted in some unquantifiable misclassification of exposure. It is noteworthy however that our estimates of daily cadmium intake were closely similar to those estimated by other Italian studies while the ranking of cadmium sources (cereals > vegetables > sweets > fish/seafood) was the same as that found in other Italian, and European studies…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status: A prospective cohort study

Grioni

Agnoli

Krogh

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Diet is the primary source of cadmium-a proven Group 1 human carcinogen-for non-smokers. Observational studies investigating the effect of cadmium from food sources on breast cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. We examined the association between dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 status, in 8924 women recruited to a prospective study between 1987 and 1992. Dietary cadmium intake was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline. During a median of 22 years of follow-up, 451 incident cases of breast cancer were identified through the Varese Cancer Registry. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer and receptor-defined breast cancer subtypes were estimated for quintiles of dietary cadmium intake, adjusting for confounding factors. Mean dietary cadmium intake was 7.8 (standard deviation 1.4) μg/day. Women with highest quintile of cadmium intake had a greater risk of breast cancer (HR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.06-2.22; p trend = 0.028) than those with lowest quintile of intake. Women premenopausal at recruitment had HR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.10-2.71, highest vs. lowest quintile); postmenopausal women had HR = 1.32 (95% CI, 1.05-1.66 for each standard deviation increase in cadmium). Cadmium-related risk of breast cancer did not vary with ER, PR or HER2 status (p-heterogeneity not significant). These findings support the hypothesis that dietary cadmium is a risk factor for breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status: A prospective cohort study

Grioni

Agnoli

Krogh

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Study participants. The methodology for the recruitment of the study population was previously described (17,18). Briefly, by accessing the databases of the Modena Municipality General Registry Office and following the approval of the local Ethics Committee, we recruited a random sample of 50 subjects residing in Modena, a municipality located in the Emilia-Romagna region (~180,000 inhabitants).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also considered the participants exposure to traffic contaminants as a proxy of outdoor Mn exposure, by estimating the concentration of particulate matter <10 µm (PM 10 ) at their residences as described elsewhere (18,24,25). Previous studies showed that motor vehicle emissions are important sources of ambient Mn (26,27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of serum manganese levels in an Italian population

Filippini

Michalke

Grill

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Manganese (Mn) is both essential and toxic for humans, mainly depending on the total levels and its species. Main sources of exposure include food and air pollution, particularly motorized traffic. We sought to determine the potential influence of these sources on serum total levels of Mn and Mn species. We selected a random sample of municipality residents from an Italian urban municipality, from whom we collected detailed personal information, dietary habits and a blood sample for serum Mn determination. We also assessed outdoor air Mn exposure, by modeling levels of particulate matter ≤10 µm (PM10) from motorized traffic at the residence of geocoded subjects. Serum Mn species generally showed higher levels in males and positive correlation with age, while no such differences were found according to smoking habits or use of dietary supplements. Among nutrients, only iron intake showed a relation with Mn [an inverse correlation with Mn‑ferritin (Mn‑Fer) and a direct one with inorganic‑Mn (Inorg‑Mn)]. Meat consumption directly correlated and fish and seafood inversely correlated with total Mn, Mn‑transferrin (Mn‑Tf) and Mn-citrate (Mn-Cit). Fruits and vegetables, including legumes and nuts, generally showed a positive correlation with all Mn species, especially Mn‑Cit, and an inverse one with Inorg‑Mn. Odds ratios (ORs) of having serum Mn levels above median value increased with increasing PM10 tertiles, with an OR for highest‑to‑lowest tertile of 7.40 (1.36‑40.25) in multivariate analysis. Analyses for Mn species did not highlight a clear comparable pattern. In conclusion, our results seem to demonstrate that PM10 exposure positively influences total Mn serum levels, while single Mn species show conflicting results.

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“…Characteristic of study subjects were described in previous studies (18,28). To summarize, age ranged from 35 to 70 years, and males and females were almost equally represented.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study population. The methodology for the recruitment of the study population was previously described (18,28). Briefly, following the approval of local Ethics Committee, we recruited a random sample of 50 subjects residing in Modena, using the Stata 'sample' routine (Stata 11; Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA) out of the list of eligible subjects from each gender-and age-specific subgroup, by accessing the databases of the Modena Municipality General Registry Office.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toenail selenium as an indicator of environmental exposure: A cross-sectional study

Filippini

Ferrari

Michalke

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The relation between toxicity and essentiality of selenium (Se) is of growing interest in human health, as the effects may widely differ depending of its different chemical species and the exposure levels. Toenail Se has been proposed as a reliable biomarker of long-term Se exposure, but few studies investigated the correlation between its toenail content and environmental determinants (i.e., dietary food intake). We aimed to determine the relation of toenail Se levels with serum Se species as well as food items. We recruited a random sample of Modena (Northern Italy) municipal residents, from whom we collected detailed personal information, dietary habits, toenail specimen for Se determination and a blood sample for serum Se speciation analysis. Toenail Se mean value was 0.96 µg/g (range, 0.47‑1.60), with slightly higher levels in females, in non-obese subjects and in Se supplements users, while it was lower in current smokers. Toenail Se positively correlated with organic Se forms, mainly selenoprotein P and selenocysteine, and inversely with the inorganic forms (selenite and selenate). Toenail Se was not associated with meat, cereals and dairy products consumption, positively correlated with fruit and slightly with vegetable intake, and negatively with fish and seafood consumption. Finally, no clear association emerged with estimated air Se exposure.

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Determinants of serum cadmium levels in a Northern Italy community: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 40 publications

References 72 publications

Dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status: A prospective cohort study

Dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status: A prospective cohort study

Determinants of serum manganese levels in an Italian population

Toenail selenium as an indicator of environmental exposure: A cross-sectional study

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