Determinants of the Outcomes of a Household’s Decision Concerning Child Labor or Child Schooling

Gul, Azeem; Ahmad, Sareer; Ali, Amanat; Khan, Asad Ullah; Sulaiman, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s12187-023-10064-8

Child Ind Res

2023

DOI: 10.1007/s12187-023-10064-8

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Determinants of the Outcomes of a Household’s Decision Concerning Child Labor or Child Schooling

Azeem Gul,

Sareer Ahmad,

Amanat Ali

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

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Effect of ethnic diversity on child labor: Empirical evidence from Ghana

Adabor,

Ayesu

2024

Sustainable Development

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One of the persistent global problems today is child labor with the current estimates indicating that 160 million children were in child labor as at the beginning of 2020. To reduce child labor, it is important to unearth the factors that influence it for policy implementation. We contribute to the literature and policy by examining the impact of ethnic diversity on child labor, while considering the mediating effects of informal work and household poverty. Using ethnic fractionalization and polarization indexes, we find that a unit increase in ethnic diversity is associated with an increase in child labor. Gender‐wise, we find the effect to be bigger for male child workers. Based on location, we find that the effect is pronounced for working children living in rural areas. Also, our mediation analysis shows that informal work, and household poverty are the pathways through which ethnic diversity increases child labor.

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Effect of ethnic diversity on child labor: Empirical evidence from Ghana

Adabor,

Ayesu

2024

Sustainable Development

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Does the digital economy improve female employment? A cross-country panel data analysis

Ahmad,

Sharif,

Ahmad

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Child Labor in Sindh, Pakistan: Patterns and Areas in Need of Intervention

Maqbool,

Newton,

Shah

2024

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Child labor remains a predominant issue in Pakistan despite the country’s existing policies and frameworks aimed at abolishing it. Through this study, we investigated the child labor distribution across Sindh and examined the factors that shape the regional patterns. We analyzed the data available through the 2018–19 Sindh Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, MICS 6, from 20,030 households with 40,633 children in the 5–17 age bracket. By applying prevalence statistics, chi-square tests, and regression modeling to these data, we investigated the trends in child labor prevalence, identified the correlation between child labor and various socioeconomic and geodemographic variables, and finally mapped the geospatial patterns of child labor across districts in Sindh, enabling us to identify and prioritize the districts in need of immediate intervention. The findings revealed that about 20 percent of the children in Sindh are engaged in child labor, with a high prevalence among males and in the 15–17 age bracket. Moreover, poverty and rural dwellings raise this issue. Other socioeconomic and geographic factors reinforcing this issue are a lack of education among children, mothers, or caretakers and mothers’ or caretakers’ functional difficulties. However, children’s functional difficulties lower their prevalence in labor. Among the 29 districts across Sindh, Kambar Shahdadkot has the highest prevalence of child labor.

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Determinants of the Outcomes of a Household’s Decision Concerning Child Labor or Child Schooling

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of ethnic diversity on child labor: Empirical evidence from Ghana

Effect of ethnic diversity on child labor: Empirical evidence from Ghana

Does the digital economy improve female employment? A cross-country panel data analysis

Child Labor in Sindh, Pakistan: Patterns and Areas in Need of Intervention

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