Determinants of weight and adiposity in the first year of life

Relations between high ponderal index at birth, feeding practices and body mass index in infancy

“…When comparing our data with Norwegian national reference data (Knudtzon et al, 1988), we find that the mean weights of infants born with high PI were at the 90th percentile of the national reference data at birth, at the 75th percentile at 6 months, and between the 50th and the 75th percentiles at 12 months. These results are in accordance with findings from earlier (Davies, 1980;Kramer et al, 1985) and more recent studies (Hediger et al, 1998) showing that, despite a relative slowing of growth rates, especially during the first 6 months, infants born large tend to remain larger than normal-sized through infancy and early childhood.…”

“…We are not aware of any directly comparable studies applying multivariate analysis of BMI in infancy and including comparable variables on infant feeding and birth size. However, Kramer et al (1985) found that birth weight, duration of exclusive breastfeeding and gender were significantly associated with BMI at 12 months. Fuentes et al (2003) analysed BMI at 6 months and found an indication of a positive association with birth weight (P ¼ 0.057), a significant association with gender and no significant association with parental education and family history of obesity, whereas variables on infant feeding were not included.…”

Fetal macrosomia and adolescence obesity: results from a longitudinal cohort study

“…[32][33][34][35] In a recent birth cohort study of 2135 men and 2380 women who were born at Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1934 and 1944, who attended child welfare clinics and were still resident in Finland in the year 2000, Eriksson et al found that the incidence of obesity (based on lifetime maximum BMI ascertained from a postal questionnaire and defined as a BMIX30 kg/m 2 ) rose linearly with increasing body size at birth. 32 This study also found that the mean weight and BMI of people who later became obese exceeded the average and remained above average at a statistically significant level at all ages from 6 months to 12 years.…”

Efeito protetor do aleitamento materno contra a obesidade infantil

“…In 1985, Kramer et al 38 published the results of a prospective cohort study carried out with 462 children, in which the length of breastfeeding was considered to be one of the determinants of weight and BMI at 12 months. In a second publication, these authors reported that the protective effect of breastfeeding persisted when these children were reassessed at 24 months.…”

“…In this regard, several authors have formulated the hypothesis that breastfeeding has a protective effect against obesity, but controversial results have been obtained. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] In the present study, the authors review the literature on this topic by analyzing several epidemiological studies that investigated a possible relationship between breastfeeding and obesity, as well as studies that demonstrate the biological plausibility of this relationship and that seek to explain the mechanisms that are potentially involved.…”