Determination and Comparison of Mineral Elements in Traditional Chinese Herbal Formulae at Different Decoction Times Used To Improve Kidney Function – Chemometric Approach

Abstract

Traditional Chinese herbal formulae Liu wei di huang (LW) (six-ingredient pill with Rehmannia) and Jin gui shen qi wan (JG) (kidney Qi pill from the golden cabinet) were analysed for Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K and Zn at different decoction intervals by atomic absorption spectroscopy. LW and JG were used to improve the kidney function. JG was higher in all elements than LW. K (1691.29 -2372.71 mg l -1 ) was highest in both formulae LW and JG followed by Ca (245.31 -562.91 mg l -1 ). Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and K were highest at 40 min for LW and Fe, Mn, Na and K were highest at 40 min for JG. Chemometrics such as principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and linear discriminate analysis were applied to classify the data and to understand the relation between the elements. Metal intake related to the consumption of decoction has also been studied. Mn made the highest contribution to average daily dietary intakes from the formulae.

Antiosteoporotic Effects of Huangqi Sanxian Decoction in Cultured Rat Osteoblasts by Proteomic Characterization of the Target and Mechanism

“…JKSQW consisted of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata (root, Chinese herbal name: Di-Huang), Dioscoreae Rhizome (root, Chinese herbal name: Shan-Yao), Fructus Corni Officinalis (fructus, Chinese herbal name: Shan-Zhu-Yu), Sclerotium Poriae Cocos (dried sclerotia, Chinese herbal name: Fu-Ling), Cortex Moutan Radicis (root bark, Chinese herbal name: Mu-Dan-Pi), Rhizoma Alismatis Orientalis (stem, Chinese herbal name: Ze-Xie), Ramulus Cinnamomi Cassiae (twig, Chinese herbal name: Gui-Zhi), Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata (root, Chinese herbal name: Fu-Zi), Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (root, Chinese herbal name: Niu-Xi), and Plantaginis Semen (seed, Chinese herbal name: Che-Qian-Zi) [ 9 ]. As per the instructions, 5 mg Jinkui Shenqi Wan (Beijing Tong Ren Tang Pharmaceutical Technology Development Inc., Dongguan, China) was dissolved in 100 mL distilled water before administration.…”

“…Jinkui Shenqi Wan, an ancient Chinese herbal formula, is indicated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010) for the treatment of Yang insufficiency of kidney, weakness and soreness of the loins and the knees, cold feeling in the limbs, and frequent urination. Human clinical studies have certified that Jinkui Shenqi Wan exerts a therapeutic effect on the kidney-Yang deficiency [ 9 ]. Hence, we used Jinkui Shenqi Wan as a positive control in this study.…”

Connecting Western and Eastern Medicine from an Energy Perspective

“…However, similar to reduction and oxidation, they interact and balance each other. When Yin rises, Yang declines, and when Yin declines, Yang rises [7,8,9]. The opposing forces form the vital energy or Qi that circulates in our body.…”