Determination of 4-Chloroaniline and Its Derivatives Formed in the Interaction of Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine by Using Gas Chromatography

Basrani, Bettina; Manek, Sheela; Mathers, Dan; Fillery, Edward D.; Sodhi, Rana N.S.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2009.10.031

Cited by 82 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There was an immediate reaction when 2% CHX was mixed with very low concentrations of NaOCL (0,023%), which resulted in changes of the solution color [21][22][23][24][25] . There was the change in color from light to dark brown, so that the darkest discoloration of the solution showed the highest concentration of NaOCl.…”

Section: Basrani Et Al (2007) Have Proven That There Was a Reaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrections of the root canal irrigation protocol: Primum non nocere

Gasic¹,

Popović²,

Barac³

et al. 2013

Acta stomatologica Naissi

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SažetakEndodontski irigansi imaju važnu ulogu u eliminaciji mikroorganizama iz kanalnog sistema zuba, rastvaranju organskih tkiva, uklanjanju debrisa i razmaznog sloja. Natrijum hipohlorit (NaOCl) UvodEndodontski irigansi imaju važnu ulogu u eliminaciji mikroorganizama iz kanalnog sistema zuba, rastvaranju organskih tkiva, uklanjanju debrisa i razmaznog sloja [1][2][3][4] .Mnoga istraživanja su pokazala da između pojedinih iriganasa postoje interakcije koje su nepoželjne i mogu kompromitovati endodontsku terapiju 5,6 .Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je razmatranje podataka iz literature o interakcijama koje nastaju kada se natrijum hipohlorit, hlorheksidin, etilen-diamin-tetra-acetat i limunska (ili maleinska) kiselina koriste zajedno u toku endodontske terapije.Za dobijanje informacija o interakcijama između endodontskih iriganasa urađeno je pretraživanje literature preko PubMed baze podataka i ključnih reči: interakcija i endodontski irigansi, natrijum hipohlorit i hlorheksidin, natrijum hipohlorit i EDTA, hlorheksidin i EDTA, NaOCl i limunska (ili maleinska kiselina), helatni agens i hlorheksidin". Pretraživanje literature urađeno je u junu 2013. godine. Irigansi u endodoncijiNajčešće korišćen irigans je natrijum hipohlorit (NaOCl), koji predstavlja snažno antiseptično sredstvo sa sposobnošću rastvaranja organskog dela dentina, razgradnje vitalnog i nekrotičnog tkiva, neutralizacije toksičnih produkata i lubrikacije 1,2 . Uklanjajući debris, ovaj irigans sprečava "zatrpavanje" apeksnog dela kanala strugotinama dentina i ostacima mekih tkiva, kao i istiskivanje inficiranog materijala u periapeksni prostor 13 .Svoje antimikrobno dejstvo NaOCl ostvaruje preko hipohlorne kiseline, koja rastvara organsko tkivo i oslobađa hlor. Reakcijom između hlora i amino-grupa formiraju se hloramini koji remete ćelijski metabolizam. Hlor ispoljava antimikrobno dejstvo tako što dovodi do ireverzibilne oksidacije SH grupa esencijalnih bakterijskih enzima 4,7 .Iako se u literaturi sreću podaci da se NaOCl u endodontskoj terapiji može koristiti u koncentracijama od 0,5%, 1%, 1,25%, 2,6% i 5,25%, još uvek ne postoji usaglašeno mišljenje u vezi sa ovom temom. Činjenica je da antibakterijski efekat ovog irigansa raste sa

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Section: Basrani Et Al (2007) Have Proven That There Was a Reaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrections of the root canal irrigation protocol: Primum non nocere

Gasic¹,

Popović²,

Barac³

et al. 2013

Acta stomatologica Naissi

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“…It is readily absorbed through the skin and it may act as a sensitizer [10]. However, as pCA is the principal product of degradation of CHD and toxic with actual recommend maximum limit of genotoxic impurity [11], it is important to quantify pCA in CHD solution.CHD and pCAwasdetermined using several methodologies such as high performance liquid chromatography [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27],gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Working standards of CHD and pCA, finished productsand excipientswere supplied from Yamani Medical Products. Methanol and Acetic acid were HPLCgrade(Scharlau Spain).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a simple, fast, isocratic stability indicating RP-HPLC-UV method for the determination of chlorhexidine and its impurity para-chloroaniline in bulk and finished product

Mohammed¹,

Aziz²

2017

IOSRPHR

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Abstract:-A simple, isocraticRP HPLC-UV method was developed for the simultaneous determination of chlorhexidine (CHD) and p-Chloroaniline (pCA) inchlorhexidine mouth rinses. An excellent separation obtainedbyC18 column (200mm × 4.6 mm, 3μm). Mobile phasewas acetate buffer:methanol in a 45:55 ratio,flowrate was 1.0 ml/min. Both ingredient and an impuritywere detected at 254 nm,injection volume was 20µl and the analysis temperature was room temperature.Resolution4.7,retention times was3.1min and 5.7 min for pCAand CHD respectively. The proposed method was testedforsystem suitability, linearity, range, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness, detection and quantification limits. The linearity range was40-160µg/ml forCHD and0.3-1.2 µg/ml forpCA.The correlation coefficient of the regression line was 1.000 for both components. Method robustness was tested under nine different conditions using sampleswith a known content. For CHD, the mean of the nine assays was 99.95% andthe RSD was 0.16%. ForpCA, the mean of the nine assays was 99.98% and the RSD was 0.24%. The results show that this is a simple method that can be applied to the analysis of Chlorhexidineproductswith satisfactory degrees of accuracy and precision. Due to the selected optimized conditions, this method can be used with the minimum requirements of an isocratic HPLC system.

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“…Comparando os espectros do precipitado isolado e do precipitado que recebeu a adição da PCA, pode-se observar que os picos não estão presentes no espectro antes da adição (Figura 5.6). No caso da análise em espectrometria de massa, este e outros estudos mostram que a molécula de PCA é possível de ser ionizada, portanto fica descartada a possibilidade de não ser detectada por esse motivo, uma vez que o detector apenas realiza leitura de moléculas ionizáveis (Basrani et al, 2007;Basrani et al, 2010;Sodhi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Nacional De Toxicologia Da Agência De Proteção Ambiental (Epunclassified

“…Outros trabalhos sugerem a formação de PCA na reação NaOCl/CLX (Basrani et al, 2007;Basrani et al, 2010;Sodhi et al, 2011) . Essa observação pode ser explicada pelo próprio processo de análise realizado.…”

Section: Nacional De Toxicologia Da Agência De Proteção Ambiental (Epunclassified

“…Nessa técnica a amostra pode ser aquecida a Nesses trabalhos, a solução de CLX é autoclavada a 121 o C antes de reagir com o NaOCl, o que bastaria para a degradação da CLX em PCA. Como a PCA é uma molécula bastante estável, sugere-se que ela não seria degradada pelo NaOCl durante o preparo da amostra NaOCl/CLX, sendo observada no resultado da análise química (Basrani et al, 2007;Barbin et al, 2008;Basrani et al, 2010;Sodhi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Nacional De Toxicologia Da Agência De Proteção Ambiental (Epunclassified

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Análise química do precipitado formado na reação entre hipoclorito de sódio e digluconato de clorexidina

Brum¹

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Determination of 4-Chloroaniline and Its Derivatives Formed in the Interaction of Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine by Using Gas Chromatography

Cited by 82 publications

References 29 publications

Corrections of the root canal irrigation protocol: Primum non nocere

Corrections of the root canal irrigation protocol: Primum non nocere

Development and validation of a simple, fast, isocratic stability indicating RP-HPLC-UV method for the determination of chlorhexidine and its impurity para-chloroaniline in bulk and finished product

Análise química do precipitado formado na reação entre hipoclorito de sódio e digluconato de clorexidina

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