Determination of a CrossFit® Benchmark Performance Profile

Meier, Nicole; Rabel, Stefan; Schmidt, Annette

doi:10.3390/sports9060080

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…CFA are more common women, have longer working hours per week, and train more often per week. CFA's high training volume per week is consistent with previous studies describing over 6 training hours per week on average for German and American athletes [ 18 ]. Our survey indicates CFA train more days per week in comparison with WLA, probably caused by shorter workouts or training time per session.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Purchasing behavior and use of digital sports offers by CrossFit® and weightlifting athletes during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in Germany

Meier

Nägler

Wald

et al. 2022

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background To combat the spread of SARS-CoV-2, CrossFit® training centers, and fitness studios were closed during the first lockdown in Germany from mid-March until June 2020, and as a result, CrossFit® (CFA) or weightlifting athletes (WLA) faced a major challenge for the first time. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of the first lockdown on the training behavior and to analyze the way the athletes dealt with the new situation. In detail, we focus on habits of purchase and examine the acceptance of digital sports offers between CFA and WLA in response to the restrictions of the nationwide lockdown. Methods An online survey was used to characterize the purchasing behavior and use of digital sports offers of CFA and WLA. In total, 484 volunteers (192 women, 290 men, 2 diverse) responded to the online questionary, allowing us to identify changes in training behavior and differences between the sports disciplines. Results Our data shows both CFA and WLA purchase new equipment for a home gym and the use of digital sports increased significantly across all age groups. A comparison during the lockdown even showed that within the CFA, one group (n = 142) reported losing 5 kg or more of body mass, while the value of the WLA remained constant. On the one hand, the results indicate that despite the restrictions during the lockdown, CFA were may able to enhance health aspects by improving their body composition. On the other hand, this study shows that the training habits of both groups of athletes have changed significantly with the use of digital sports offers. Conclusions We suppose that the great openness and the expansion of online sports offers during the first lockdown may change the sports industry in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Purchasing behavior and use of digital sports offers by CrossFit® and weightlifting athletes during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in Germany

Meier

Nägler

Wald

et al. 2022

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…The performance of the WOD ‘Fran’ is considered most frequently in seven studies [ 37 , 55 , 56 , 61 , 63 , 65 , 66 ]. Thereby, the sample size ranges from 10 to 32 participants when experimental measurements were used for data collection [ 37 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 65 , 66 ], and with the use of data available online [ 40 , 64 ] or reported data from questionnaires [ 52 , 67 , 68 ], the sample size went up to 220 [ 40 ]. However, upon further consideration, it is unfortunate to note that approximately half of the experimental data acquisitions only include male athletes in the investigation [ 37 , 40 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 59 , 60 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, Table 1 provides an overview of the parameters that significantly predict or are correlated with CrossFit ® performance. Overall, the studies aim to determine factors that are significantly correlated with CrossFit ® performance or that explain most of the variance by using Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation, respectively, [ 37 , 40 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 66 , 67 ], and linear and multiple regression analysis [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ], or principal component analysis [ 56 , 65 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CrossFit®: ‘Unknowable’ or Predictable?—A Systematic Review on Predictors of CrossFit® Performance

Meier

Schlie

Schmidt

2023

Sports

Self Cite

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The functional fitness training program CrossFit® is experiencing fast-growing and widespread popularity with day-to-day varying ‘Workouts of the Day’ (WOD). Even among tactical athletes, the training program is widely applied. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data on which parameters influence CrossFit® performance. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the existing literature to identify and summarize predictors of CrossFit® performance and performance enhancement. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of the following databases was conducted in April 2022: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science. Using the keyword ‘CrossFit’, 1264 entries are found, and 21 articles are included based on the eligibility criteria. In summary, the studies show conflicting results, and no specific key parameter was found that predicts CrossFit® performance regardless of the type of WOD. In detail, the findings indicate that physiological parameters (in particular, body composition) and high-level competitive experience have a more consistent influence than specific performance variables. Nevertheless, in one-third of the studies, high total body strength (i.e., CrossFit® Total performance) and trunk strength (i.e., back squat performance) correlate with higher workout scores. For the first time, this review presents a summary of performance determinants in CrossFit®. From this, a guiding principle for training strategies may be derived, suggesting that a focus on body composition, body strength, and competition experience may be recommended for CrossFit® performance prediction and performance enhancement.

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“…Improvements in metabolic capacity and lung function provided by CrossFit ® are functions of the duration, type and intensity of exercise [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. To assess and monitor fitness while tracking changes in work capacity over time, CrossFit ® has integrated standardized exercises known as benchmark workouts [ 14 , 15 ]. These benchmarks exhibit variations in specific exercise routines/composition, intensity, duration, number/type of exercises and rest periods (see Figure 1 ) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Contributions in an Extreme Intensity CrossFit® Benchmark Workout

Rios,

Becker,

Cardoso

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Our purpose was to characterize the oxygen uptake kinetics (VO2), energy systems contributions and total energy expenditure during a CrossFit® benchmark workout performed in the extreme intensity domain. Fourteen highly trained male CrossFitters, aged 28.3 ± 5.4 years, with height 177.8 ± 9.4 cm, body mass 87.9 ± 10.5 kg and 5.6 ± 1.8 years of training experience, performed the Isabel workout at maximal exertion. Cardiorespiratory variables were measured at baseline, during exercise and the recovery period, with blood lactate and glucose concentrations, including the ratings of perceived exertion, measured pre- and post-workout. The Isabel workout was 117 ± 10 s in duration and the VO2 peak was 47.2 ± 4.7 mL·kg−1·min−1, the primary component amplitude was 42.0 ± 6.0 mL·kg−1·min−1, the time delay was 4.3 ± 2.2 s and the time constant was 14.2 ± 6.0 s. The accumulated VO2 (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 4.8 ± 1.0 L·min−1) value post-workout increased substantially when compared to baseline. Oxidative phosphorylation (40%), glycolytic (45%) and phosphagen (15%) pathways contributed to the 245 ± 25 kJ total energy expenditure. Despite the short ~2 min duration of the Isabel workout, the oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent metabolism energy contributions to the total metabolic energy release were similar. The CrossFit® Isabel requires maximal effort and the pattern of physiological demands identifies this as a highly intensive and effective workout for developing fitness and conditioning for sports.

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Determination of a CrossFit® Benchmark Performance Profile

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Purchasing behavior and use of digital sports offers by CrossFit® and weightlifting athletes during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in Germany

Purchasing behavior and use of digital sports offers by CrossFit® and weightlifting athletes during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in Germany

CrossFit®: ‘Unknowable’ or Predictable?—A Systematic Review on Predictors of CrossFit® Performance

Assessment of Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Contributions in an Extreme Intensity CrossFit® Benchmark Workout

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