Determination of a Standardized Sampling Technique for Pesticide Transferable Turf Residues

Rosenheck, L.; Cowell, J.; Mueth, M.; Eberhart, D.; Klonne, Dennis R.; Norman, C.; Ross, J. B.

doi:10.1007/s001280190

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…A “drag sled” method has also been developed that uses a 100-cm 2 patch of denim affixed to the bottom of a sledlike device, whose weight approximates the force exerted by a 10-kg child on a surface ( Byrne et al 1998 ; Vaccaro et al 1996 ). Similar methods have been developed to assess the dislodgeable residue from treated lawns ( Fuller et al 2001 ; Klonne et al 2001 ; Rosenheck et al 2001 ). In theory, the PUF and drag sled methods should give similar results, but no studies have directly compared them.…”

Section: Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Exposure Assessment of Pesticides in Farmworker Homes

Hoppin

Adgate

Eberhart

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

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Farmworkers and their families are exposed to pesticides both at work and in their homes. Environmental exposure assessment provides a means to evaluate pesticides in the environment and human contact with these chemicals through identification of sources and routes of exposure. To date, a variety of methods have been used to assess pesticide exposure among farmworker families, mostly focusing on dust and handwipe samples. While many of the methods are similar, differences in the collection, chemical analysis, and statistical analysis, can limit the comparability of results from farm-worker studies. This mini-monograph discusses the strategies used to assess pesticide exposures, presents limitations in the available data for farmworkers, and suggests research needs for future studies of pesticide exposure among farmworker families.

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Section: Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Exposure Assessment of Pesticides in Farmworker Homes

Hoppin

Adgate

Eberhart

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Amplifi cation effi ciencies were calculated for each primer pair using 1:4 serial dilution of the cDNA template. The amplifi cation effi ciency of each gene was determined to be ³1.9 (Rosenheck et al, 2001). The relative expression was expressed as a ratio of the target gene to the control gene using the formula 2 -(ΔΔCt) according to Livak and Schmittgen (2001) was normalized and expressed as a ratio to the expression in suckling pigs.…”

Section: Quantitative Reverse Transcription-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of weaning and an antioxidant blend on intestinal barrier function and antioxidant status in pigs

Zhu

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal Science

155

121

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The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of weaning stress and an antioxidant blend on gut health and free radical metabolism in postweaning pigs. A total of 96 pigs from 12 litters were randomly divided by litter to 3 groups with 4 litters each. The control group and the weaning group were fed the basal diet, and the antioxidant group was fed the basal diet supplemented with an antioxidant blend. The control group was suckling normally during the experimental period and the other 2 treatments were weaned at 21 d of age. Morphology in different parts of the intestines was used as a measure of intestinal barrier function. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), NO, H(2)O(2), and O(2) were measured in serum. Activities of the digestive enzymes, including sucrase, maltase, amylase, lipase, and pepsin, were measured at 24 d of age for all treatments. Gene expressions of free radicals, digestive enzymes, or antioxidant enzymes were selected for quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analyses. Results showed that weaning resulted in reductions (P< 0.05) in the villus height and width, and activity of digestive enzymes. Activity of SOD decreased (P < 0.05) and the concentrations of MDA, NO, and H(2)O(2) increased (P < 0.05) after weaning. The expression results indicated that the genes related to the antioxidant enzymes and digestive enzymes were down regulated (P < 0.05) after weaning. Tumor protein 53, which regulates reactive oxygen-species generation, tended to increase (P < 0.10) in the weaning group. The concentration of PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), which plays an important protective role against oxidative stress by regulating the expression of mitochondrial antioxidants, was reduced (P < 0.05) in weaning pigs and increased (P < 0.01) in antioxidant pigs compared with the control pigs. Results indicated that intestinal dysfunction occurred after weaning and there was an inhibition of the antioxidant system. The antioxidant blend has the potential to prevent free radical-induced damage and suppress oxidative stress by modulating the expressions of tumor protein 53 and PGC-1α genes.

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“…3.5 ± 0.14 c Day 21 3.5 ± 0.60 b a Measured from foil-backed cotton cloth coupons randomly placed and treated during chemical application sequence (n = 5). b Measured from Soxhlet extracted carpet swatches (n = 5).…”

Section: Cyfluthrin Total Cyfluthrin Deposition Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] These studies include borax, [12] cyfluthrin, [13] and chlorpyrifos [14−17] and registrant studies that have been referenced in a series of regulatory documents including propetamphos, [18] dichlorvos (DDVP), [19] and pyrethrin. [20] The modified California roller has been Downloaded by [Laurentian University] at 09:28 07 December 2014 adopted as an industry standard [21] and helped form the basis for regulatory default methods for estimating post-application residential exposure. [22−24] From prior studies, it is known that several factors can influence transfer of pesticide residues from a treated surface to a person's skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of transferable chemical residue from nylon carpet using the California roller and a new mega-California roller

Williams¹,

Bernard

Dyk

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Human chemical exposures resulting from transfer of surface deposition on indoor nylon carpets may be estimated by measuring transferable residues (mu g chemical/cm2 carpet). A weighted roller developed at California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) has been extensively used to sample transferable residue for estimates of human exposure in risk characterization. A modified roller has been developed to evaluate the influence of pressure on transferable chemical residue since weight and force (or pressure, kg/m2) may vary person-to-person and activity-to-activity. A 30.5 cm diameter roller was used to apply 60 to 2100 kg/m2 to bracket pressures exerted by humans on a flat nylon-carpeted surface. Measurements of transferable cyfluthrin residues were made after 1, 7, and 21 days. Total Soxhlet extractable cyfluthrin residues were relatively constant during the test period. Residue transferability decreased during the study period. Modest increases in the transferability of surface residues were observed over the broad range of pressures applied by the modified roller.

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Determination of a Standardized Sampling Technique for Pesticide Transferable Turf Residues

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Exposure Assessment of Pesticides in Farmworker Homes

Environmental Exposure Assessment of Pesticides in Farmworker Homes

Impact of weaning and an antioxidant blend on intestinal barrier function and antioxidant status in pigs

Measurement of transferable chemical residue from nylon carpet using the California roller and a new mega-California roller

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