Determination of Adsorption Characteristics of Orange Peel Activated with Potassium Carbonate for Chromium(III) Removal

Abstract

In this study, Cr(III) removal from aqueous solutions was investigated by using the batch adsorption method. Orange peel activated with potassium carbonate (OPAPC) was used as the adsorbent because of the fact that adsorption capacity was higher when orange peel was activated with potassium carbonate, instead of both original orange peel and orange peel activated with phosphoric acid adsorbents. In order to determine optimum adsorption conditions, adsorbent concentration (2-15 g/L), pH (3-7), temperature (298-318 K), contact time (10-240 min) and initial concentration of Cr(III) (5-50 mg/L) were investigated for Cr(III) removal from aqueous solutions using OPAPC. The equilibrium data were evaluated using the Langmuir and Freundlich model equations and the kinetic data were evaluated with pseudo first and second order kinetic models. In addition, the adsorption thermodynamics of the proposed method in optimum conditions was investigated.

Crude Oil Biosorption with Citrus sinensis Peels

“…Pseudo-first order and Pseudo-second order kinetic models were used to evaluate the rate and mechanism of crude oil adsorption [15,24,27,29]. Additionally, the biosorption mechanism of crude oil by C. sinensis peels was also determined with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models [9,18,24,30].…”

“…Studies have shown that this fruit, which has a high content of pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, is quite suitable for biosorption [39,40]. Similarly, banana peel [26], avo-cado, hami melon, dragon fruit peels [18], orange peel [25] and pomegrate peel [24] were also used in adsorption studies in the literature. Considering the importance of the nontoxic, low-cost, renewable, ecological, and economical, and have a large surface area of sorbents used in biosorption, C. sinensis peels used in this study have a higher removal rate than other peels in terms of usability in oil removal [5,35].…”

“…Compared to chemical methods, the use of bio-based materials in oil removal is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive approach [1]. Especially, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin-rich plant biomass wastes produced by the agricultural industry, algae, bacteria, and fungi are commonly used as biosorbents for the treatment of heavy metals, dyes, and pollutants [15][16][17].…”

“…Especially natural organic sorbents are emerging as viable options for oil spill cleanup due to their availability, low cost and environmentally friendly [20]. In the literature, the use of lemon peel [21], Carica papaya wood [22], Artocarpus genus fruit peels [23], pomegranate peel [24], orange peel [25], dragon fruit peel [18], banana peel [26] and various organic sorbents on petroleum removal have been reported.…”

Adsorption of Cr(III) from aqueous solution on NaOH-treated scraped coconut waste

“…This aspect is the focus of the present research on characterization of NaOH-modified scarped coconut waste (NSCW) as an effective biosorbent for a system containing aqueous Cr(III) species as the adsorbate. Removal of Cr(III) has been reported by some biosorbents, such as Artocarpus nobils peel (Samaraweera et al, 2020), orange peel (Tomul et al, 2017) and saw dust (Ahmad, 2005), in their unmodified and modified forms. In this study, impact of NaOH treatment on biosorption ability of scraped coconut waste (SCW) was investigated through X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometry (XRF) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.…”