Determination of Amoxicillin in Catfish and Salmon Tissues by Liquid Chromatography with Precolumn Formaldehyde Derivatization

Ang, C. Y. W.; Luo, Wei; Hansen, Eugene B.; Freeman, Jeremiah P.; Thompson, Howard E.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/79.2.389

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The concentration of amoxicillin in serum was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method described by Ang et al (1996). The HPLC system consisted of a Perkin-Elmer LC Pump Series 200, an Advanced LC Sample Processor ISS200 equipped with a Rheodyne valve mod.…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extraction procedure of amoxicillin from serum used in this study was a modification of that described for purification from edible tissues of fish by Ang et al (1996). The HPLC method adopted proved to be very sensitive and suitable for the quantitative analysis of amoxicillin in serum.…”

Section: Amoxicillin Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HPLC method adopted proved to be very sensitive and suitable for the quantitative analysis of amoxicillin in serum. The amoxicillin derivative formed from the reaction of amoxicillin with formaldehyde and TCA is 2-hydroxy-3-phenol-6-methylpyrazine (Ang et al, 1996).…”

Section: Amoxicillin Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative oral bioavailability of microgranulated amoxicillin in pigs

Anfossi¹,

Zaghini²,

Grassigli³

et al. 2002

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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A new microgranulated formulation of amoxicillin trihydrate for in-feed medication was developed using a lipogelled matrix. Its relative bioavailability was compared with powdered drug in pigs and an assessment was made to determine whether therapeutic concentrations were achieved. Microgranules containing 10% (MICR10) and 30% (MICR30) amoxicillin and free amoxicillin trihydrate powder (reference, AMX) were administered at dosages of 50 mg of amoxicillin/kg b.w. using a three-way-crossover design. Amoxicillin analysis in serum was performed by a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorometric detection, using an extraction procedure already described for edible tissues of fish and adapted and validated for pig serum. The oral bioavailability of both microgranulated formulations was higher than that of the reference formulation [relative bioavailability (F): 153.9 +/- 58.2% for MICR10; 126.2 +/- 70.5% for MICR30] and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values of MICR10 and AMX formulations were significantly different (P < 0.05). Differences between the mean maximum concentration (Cmax), time of Cmax (tmax) and mean residence time (MRT) of the drug formulations were not significant. Microgranulated amoxicillin is suitable for in-feed administration to pigs and, because of its higher oral bioavailability compared with the powdered compound, it may be more effective for the treatment of susceptible infections.

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Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amoxicillin Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative oral bioavailability of microgranulated amoxicillin in pigs

Anfossi¹,

Zaghini²,

Grassigli³

et al. 2002

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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show abstract

“…Amoxicillin derivative was extracted using the procedures of Ang et al . () and Son et al . () with slight modifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The efficacy of amoxicillin sodium against streptococcosis in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its pharmacokinetics

Lim

Jung

et al. 2016

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The efficacy of amoxicillin sodium for controlling field and experimental Streptococcus iniae and S. parauberis infections in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was evaluated after a single intramuscular administration. Furthermore, the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against 21 Streptococcus strains were determined. In addition, the pharmacokinetics and residue depletion in olive flounder were investigated. Single intramuscular doses of amoxicillin sodium at 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg b.w. fish significantly reduced cumulative mortality rates to 18.8-31.3% (P < 0.05) for S. iniae and to 5.0-15.0% (P < 0.01) for S. parauberis, whereas the S. iniae- and S. parauberis-infected positive control groups showed cumulative mortality rates of 68.8% and 60.0%, respectively. In a S. parauberis outbreak, amoxicillin sodium reduced the cumulative mortality rate to 7.5% and 4.8% at 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w. fish, respectively, whereas that of the untreated control group was 35.2%. Peak plasma concentrations (C ) following a single intramuscular dose of 40 and 80 mg/kg b.w. fish were 62.64 (T , 1.59 h) and 87.61 (T , 3.02 h) μg/mL, respectively, with large AUC /MIC and C /MIC ratios, and sufficient T > MIC (time for maintaining plasma drug concentration greater than MICs) for S. iniae and S. parauberis. The estimated withdrawal period of amoxicillin sodium from muscle of olive flounder was about 8 days at 40 mg/kg b.w. fish (at 22 ± 1 °C). These results demonstrated a single intramuscular administration of amoxicillin sodium to be effective against streptococcosis in olive flounder.

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“…Because these drugs are transmitted via the food chain, they pose a risk to human health. Trace amounts of penicillin have been reported to be harmful to people who are allergic to penicillin (Ang et al, 1996;Fagerquis et al, 2005). The major AMO-associated metabolites are amoxicillin diketopiperazine-2',5'-dione (DIKETO), which is generated by the degradation of AMA and formation a new stable six-membered ring, and amoxicillin acid (AMA), which is generated by β-lactam cleavage of AMO (Nägele and Moritz, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depletion of Residual Amoxicillin and Its Major Metabolites in Muscle, Liver and Kidney of Chicken

Zhang¹

2019

PVJ

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The depletion of residual amoxicillin (AMO) and its metabolites, amoxicillin acid (AMA) and 2,5-diketopiperazine (DIKETO), in Jinghai chickens was studied. Chicken tissue samples (muscle, liver and kidney) were deproteinized with acetonitrile and water and extracted with saturated dichloromethane, and the supernatants were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). After the drug was withdrawn, the depletion times of AMA and DIKETO were longer in the liver and kidneys than in muscle. In the chicken tissue, the AMA residue levels were higher than the AMO and DIKETO residue levels, and the concentrations of AMA were highest in the kidney and liver. Because AMA is an allergen, we recommend monitoring AMA levels even though maximum residue limits (MRLs) for the metabolites of AMO have not been specified. In addition, the calculated withdrawal times for AMO at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg chicken body weight were 4.01 and 4.33 days in muscle, 5.17 and 5.78 days in the liver, and 3.92 and 5.19 days in the kidney, respectively. To guarantee food safety, AMO withdrawal times of 6 days are required for doses of 30 or 60 mg/kg chicken body weight.

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Determination of Amoxicillin in Catfish and Salmon Tissues by Liquid Chromatography with Precolumn Formaldehyde Derivatization

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Relative oral bioavailability of microgranulated amoxicillin in pigs

Relative oral bioavailability of microgranulated amoxicillin in pigs

The efficacy of amoxicillin sodium against streptococcosis in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its pharmacokinetics

Depletion of Residual Amoxicillin and Its Major Metabolites in Muscle, Liver and Kidney of Chicken

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