Determination of an effective agent combination using nisin against Salmonella biofilm

Özdemir, Fatma; Buzrul, Sencer; Özdemir, Caner; Akçelik, Nefise; Akçelik, Mustafa

doi:10.1007/s00203-022-02766-4

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As chlorhexidine exerts its antimicrobial effect by affecting the cell membrane [ 40 ], it could be preventing the inhibition of efflux pumps, present on the cell membrane, by phenothiazines. Recently, previous studies have already described synergistic [ 48 , 49 ] and indifferent [ 50 ] interaction between CHX and other antimicrobials. Moreover, the induction of multidrug resistance on E. faecalis after exposure to sub-lethal doses of CHX has already been reported [ 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Enterococcus-Candida Dual-Species Biofilm

Fiallos

Aguiar²,

Silva³

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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Persistent apical periodontitis occurs when the endodontic treatment fails to eradicate the intraradicular infection, and is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans, respectively. Phenothiazines have been described as potential antimicrobials against bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of promethazine (PMZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) against E. faecalis and C. albicans dual-species biofilms. The susceptibility of planktonic cells to phenothiazines, chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was initially analyzed by broth microdilution. Interaction between phenothiazines and CHX was examined by chequerboard assay. The effect of NaOCl, PMZ, CPZ, CHX, PMZ + CHX, and CPZ + CHX on biofilms was investigated by susceptibility assays, biochemical and morphological analyses. Results were evaluated through one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test. PMZ, alone or in combination with irrigants, was the most efficient phenothiazine, capable of reducing cell counts, biomass, biovolume, carbohydrate and protein contents of dual-species biofilms. Neither PMZ nor CPZ increased the antimicrobial activity of CHX. Further investigations of the properties of phenothiazines should be performed to encourage their use in endodontic clinical practice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Enterococcus-Candida Dual-Species Biofilm

Fiallos

Aguiar²,

Silva³

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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“…However, some studies have found that purified nisin and nisin in combination with other antimicrobials can be effective against gram-negative pathogens [5,13]. It has been shown that the activity of nisin against gram-negative bacteria can be increased either by destroying the outer membrane, or by increasing the membrane-traversing efficiency of nisin [4,29,[37][38][39][40]. According to the literature data, nisin has no inhibitory effect on yeast cells, filamentous fungi, and viruses [4,41].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nisin: Prerequisites and Prospects for Application in the Medical Field

Knysh

Martynov

2023

Galician med. j.

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Nisin is a typical representative of class I bacteriocins belonging to subtype A1 lantibiotics. This lantibiotic is produced by gram-positive bacteria of the genera Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Blautia. Currently, at least twelve natural variants of nisin are known. They differ in some physicochemical properties and biological activity. Nisin is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and has been used as a food additive for seven decades. The current review presents the data from scientific reports over the past decade supporting the value of this lantibiotic as a therapeutic agent. Most research works demonstrate a high inhibitory potential of nisin against antibiotic-resistant bacteria when using alone and in combination with antibiotics. A number of studies prove the ability of nisin to modulate the composition of oral and intestinal microbiomes, to inhibit the growth of both bacteria causing infectious processes and bacterial pathogens associated with cancer. Nisin has been shown to have its own antitumor potential and to be able to enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. There is convincing evidence of its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. The reasons limiting its widespread application in clinical practice can be successfully eliminated via modern bioengineering technologies that improve the functional characteristics and stability of nisin in various physiological conditions.

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“…Both routes of transmission result in widespread infection and cross-contamination as S. Typhimurium can form biofilms (20). Biofilms are defined as cell clusters that are enclosed in a complex matrix of extracellular polymeric substances or EPS (26, 27). The EPS matrix is primarily composed of polysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and proteins which allow fixed bacteria to be protected from environmental stressors within meat processing facilities (26, 28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-exposure to Polyethylene Fiber andSalmonella entericaTyphimurium Alters Microbiome and Metabolome ofin vitroChicken Cecal Mesocosms

Chatman,

Olson,

Freedman

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Humans and animals encounter a summation of exposures during their lifetime (the exposome). In recent years, the scope of the exposome has begun to include microplastics. Microplastics (MPs) have increasingly been found in locations where there could be an interaction withSalmonella entericaTyphimurium, one of the commonly isolated serovars from processed chicken. In this study, the microbiota response to a 24-hour co-exposure toSalmonella entericaTyphimurium and/or low-density polyethylene (PE) microplastics in anin vitrobroiler cecal model was determined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina) and untargeted metabolomics. Community sequencing results indicated that PE fiber with and withoutS.Typhimurium yielded a lowerFirmicutes/Bacteroidesratio compared to other treatment groups, which is associated with poor gut health, and overall had greater changes to the cecal microbial community composition. However, changes in the total metabolome were primarily driven by the presence ofS.Typhimurium. Additionally, the co-exposure to PE Fiber andS. Typhimurium caused greater cecal microbial community and metabolome changes than either exposure alone. Our results indicate that polymer shape is an important factor in effects resulting from exposure. It also demonstrates that microplastic-pathogen interactions cause metabolic alterations to the chicken cecal microbiome in anin vitrochicken cecal model.IMPORTANCEResearching the exposome, a summation of exposure of one’s lifespan, will aid in determining the environmental factors that contribute to disease states. There is an emerging concern that microplastic-pathogen interactions in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens may lead to an increase inSalmonellainfection across flocks and eventually increased incidence of human salmonellosis cases. In this research article, we elucidated the effects of co-exposure to polyethylene microplastics andSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium on the ceca microbial community.Salmonellapresence caused strong shifts in the cecal metabolome but not the microbiome. The inverse was true for polyethylene fiber. Polyethylene powder had almost no effect. The co-exposure had worse effects than either alone. This demonstrates that exposure effects to the gut microbial community are contaminant specific. When combined, the interactions between exposures exacerbate changes to the gut environment. The results herein support currentSalmonellamitigation efforts and understanding microplastics-pathogen interactions.

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Determination of an effective agent combination using nisin against Salmonella biofilm

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Enterococcus-Candida Dual-Species Biofilm

The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Enterococcus-Candida Dual-Species Biofilm

Nisin: Prerequisites and Prospects for Application in the Medical Field

Co-exposure to Polyethylene Fiber andSalmonella entericaTyphimurium Alters Microbiome and Metabolome ofin vitroChicken Cecal Mesocosms

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