Determination of aromatic metabolites in ruminant urine by high-performance liquid chromatography

Chen, X.B.; Pagella, J. H.; Bakker, M.L.; Parra, O.

doi:10.1016/0378-4347(96)00050-3

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The measurement of these compounds is routinely performed using a variety of techniques that include HPLC, GC-MS and LC-MS (Shariati et al, 2007;Chen et al, 1996;Arin et al, 1992;Hommes, 1999;Gonthier et al, 2003b;Magera et al, 2003). However, in nearly all of the published reports these methods only provide information regarding single compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of urinary aromatic acids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Crow

Bishop

Paliakov

et al. 2008

Biomedical Chromatography

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The separation and detection of 11 urinary aromatic acids was developed using HPLC-MS/MS. The method features a simple sample preparation involving a single-step dilution with internal standard and a rapid 8 min chromatographic separation. The accuracy was evaluated by the recovery of known spikes between 87 and 110%. Inter- and intra-assay precision (CV) was below 11% in all cases and the analytes were observed to be stable for up to 8 weeks when stored at -20 degrees C. The method was validated based upon linearity, accuracy, precision and stability and was used to establish reference intervals for children and adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of urinary aromatic acids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Crow

Bishop

Paliakov

et al. 2008

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Cr concentration in rumen fluid was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (Binnerts et al 1968). PPA, BA, HA and cinnamic acid (CA), the latter an intermediate in the formation of BA by PPA P-oxidation, were determined by HPLC (Chen et al 1996). In the same chromatography, some other aromatic metabolites can also be determined if present, including phenylaceturic acid, phenylacetic acid, and p-cresol.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to ascertain that the output of all possible forms of BA, PPA, CA or CHCA were taken into account, the urine and faecal extract samples were treated with 6 M-HC~ thereby converting the conjugated metabolites to the free compounds. The procedure was as described by Chen et al (1996). Untreated rumen fluid, urine samples with and without acid hydrolysis and acid hydrolysate of the faecal extracts were analysed by the HPLC and GLC methods.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretion of benzoic acid derivatives in urine of sheep given intraruminal infusions of 3-phenylpropionic and cyclohexanecarboxylic acids

Pagella¹,

Chen²,

MacLeod³

et al. 1997

Br J Nutr

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The quantitative relationship between the urinary excretion of benzoic acid @A) and the uptake of 3-phenylpropionic (PPA) and cyclohexanecarboxylic (CHCA) acids was assessed. PPA and CHCA are produced in the rumen by microbial fermentation of lignocellulosic feeds and metabolized, after absorption, to BA which Is excreted in the urine mainly as its glycine conjugate hippuric acid (HA). Ruminants excrete large quantities of benzoic acid (BA) derivatives in their urine due to the ingestion of lignocelluosic feedstuffs. The BA derivatives are the excretory products of hydroxycinnamic acids such as p-coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids (Martin, 1983) and of hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acids such as quinic and shikimic acids (Martin, 1982~). These compounds are involved in the biosynthesis of lignin and are ubiquitous in vascular plants. Since these compounds are of no nutritional value they are often called xenobiotics, that is, foreign to the normal energy-yielding metabolism of the animal (Caldwell, 1989). By reduction and hydrolysis during microbial fermentation in the rumen, the hydroxycinnamic and hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acids are converted to phenylpropionic (PPA) and cyclohexanecarboxylic (CHCA) acids respectively. The PPA and CHCA are then absorbed from the rumen and posterior digestive tract compartments, and converted to BA mainly in the liver by oxidative reactions. BA can be excreted in the urine either as the free acid or as its conjugates with glycine or glucuronic acid (Martin, 1978). Fig. 1 shows the metabolic pathways for the formation of BA from PPA and CHCA. Hippuric acid (HA), the glycine conjugate of BA, is quantitatively the most important BA derivative. For

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“…Many HPLC methods allowing the simultaneous determination of MA, PGA and HA (and methylhippuric acids (mHAs)) concentrations in urine have been described (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In contrast, few studies describe the determination of BA, PPA and PAUA concentrations (13,14). The GC methods developed to determine MA, PGA, HA and mHAs systematically involve a derivation step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Aromatic Acid Metabolites of Styrene and Styrene-Oxide in Rat Urine by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection

Cosnier

Nunge

Cossec

et al. 2012

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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A convenient and reliable gas chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of six aromatic acid metabolites of styrene and styrene-oxide in rat urine; i.e., benzoic (BA), phenylacetic (PAA), mandelic (MA), phenylglyoxylic (PGA), hippuric (HA) and phenylaceturic (PAUA) acids. The method involves a one-pot esterification-extraction procedure, performed directly on urine without prior treatment. Analyses were performed on a RTX-1701 capillary column and the recovered isopropyl esters derivatives were detected by flame ionization detection. The analytical method was validated for selectivity, linearity, detection and quantification limits, recovery and intra-day and inter-day precisions. Calibration curves showed linearity in the range of 8-800 mg/L, except for HA and PAUA (40-800 mg/L). Limits of detection were between 0.2 (PPA) and 7.0 (PAUA) mg/L. The intra-day precisions determined at three concentrations levels were less than 5% for BA, PAA, MA and PGA and 9% for HA and PAUA, respectively. The corresponding mean inter-day precisions for these two groups were 8 and 16%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to quantitatively analyze styrene, styrene-oxide, ethylbenzene and toluene metabolites in urine samples from rats exposed by inhalation to these compounds at levels close to the occupational threshold limit values. Provided that this method can be transposed to human urine, it could have applications as part of biological monitoring for workers exposed to styrene or related compounds.

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Determination of aromatic metabolites in ruminant urine by high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of urinary aromatic acids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Analysis of urinary aromatic acids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Excretion of benzoic acid derivatives in urine of sheep given intraruminal infusions of 3-phenylpropionic and cyclohexanecarboxylic acids

Simultaneous Determination of Aromatic Acid Metabolites of Styrene and Styrene-Oxide in Rat Urine by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection

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