Determination of Cadmium in Water Samples by Automated Flow-Batch Cloud Point Extraction (CPE) Hyphenated to High-Resolution Continuum Source Flame Atomic Spectrometry (HR-CS FAAS)

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages

“…Chemometric tools, such as LDA, LR, kNNs, NB, NNs, PLS-DA, RF and SVMs, were used to build prediction models. For both origin and cultivation discrimination 200 Hg, 202 Hg, 97 Mo, 98 Mo, 23 Na, 60 Ni, 118 Sn, 205 Tl, and 232 Th were found to have no signicant impact on the models. For assessment of cultivation only 107 Ag, 137 Ba, 43 Ca, 44 Ca, 24 Mg, and 66 Zn were required to discriminate between eld and forest grown samples.…”

“…One of the limitations of SPE and LLE procedures is that they are time-consuming, requiring considerable operator involvement in a series of manual manipulations, and thus the report of an automated CPE procedure is noteworthy. Akiba et al 60 devised a computer-controlled multi-commuted flow-batch system for the pre-concentration of Cd from water (tap, ground, mineral and ‘reuse’) samples with determination by HR-CS-FAAS. The procedure was based on the extraction of the pyridyl-azo-naphthol complex into a Triton X-100 enriched phase, which was stacked in a short plug in a small column of hydrophobic cotton functioning as the interface between the extraction and detection stages.…”

“…There have been several reports of determinations by HR-CS-AAS , including that of Cd in waters 60 by FAAS following automated CPE (see Table 1 and Section 3.2) and of Cd and Pb in canned food 91 (see Table 1) also by FAAS. In addition, there have been several reports of determinations by HR-CS-ETAAS.…”

Removal of Inorganic Pollutants from Wastewater: Innovative Technologies and Toxicity Assessment

“…The experiment showed a linear range value from 0.01 to 5.0 ng/mL with LOD and LOQ, i.e., 0.003 and 0.010 ng/mL, respectively, with 584 enrichment factors. A recent study carried out quantification of Cd in water samples using cloud-point extraction (CPE) along with high-resolution continuum source flame atomic spectrometry (HR-CS-FAAS) [53]. It showed a linear range from 5.0 to 75.0 µg/L with LOD and LOQ values 1.3 and 4.3 µg/L, respectively.…”