Determination of calcium, barium and zinc in lubricating oils by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

Kashiki, Masayuki; Oshima, Shozo

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)82397-7

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…percentages of the other elements. Although soot from other jet aircraft have exhibited a range of elements, including Ba and Zn, reflecting engine wear and oil components, 16 no surface heteroelements are detected in the soot from the turbofan JE. Primary sulfate and volatilized and recondensed S-containing compounds from fuel oils (such as thiols, organic sulfides, and thiophenes) are typically present in combustion aerosols.…”

Section: ' Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

XPS Analysis of Combustion Aerosols for Chemical Composition, Surface Chemistry, and Carbon Chemical State

2011

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Carbonaceous aerosols can vary in elemental content, surface chemistry, and carbon nano-structure. Each of these properties is related to the details of soot formation. Fuel source, combustion process (affecting formation and growth conditions), and postcombustion exhaust where oxidation occurs all contribute to the physical structure and surface chemistry of soot. Traditionally such physical and chemical parameters have been measured separately by various techniques. Presented here is the unified measurement of these characteristics using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the present study, XPS is applied to combustion soot collected from a diesel engine (running biodiesel and pump-grade fuels); jet engine; and institutional, plant, and residential oil-fired boilers. Elemental composition is mapped by a survey scan over a broad energy range. Surface chemistry and carbon nanostructure are quantified by deconvolution of high-resolution scans over the C1s region. This combination of parameters forms a distinct matrix of identifiers for the soots from these sources.

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Section: ' Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

XPS Analysis of Combustion Aerosols for Chemical Composition, Surface Chemistry, and Carbon Chemical State

2011

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“…Additives are substances formulated for improvement of the anti-friction, chemical and physical properties of base oils (mineral, synthetic, vegetable or animal) that enhance lubricant performance and extend equipment lifetime [39][40][41]. Combinations of different additives and their quantities are determined by the lubricant type (e.g.…”

Section: Elemental Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additives serve a number of functions [39][40][41]. Tin may be present as an oil additive, usually in conjunction with lubricants containing molybdenum compounds, though it can also be used as an overlay for flashing of components.…”

Section: Elemental Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry characterization of jet aircraft engine particulate matter by XPS: Results from APEX III

Wal

Bryg

Huang

2016

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Apart from the standard procedures, the literature describes several instrumental methods for the determination of metal ions in lubricating oils, using different techniques as capillary electrophoresis, chromatography, − electrochemistry, − and spectrometry such as atomic absorption, − inductively coupled plasma optical emission, − X-ray fluorescence, − and neutron activation analysis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these methods are preceded by a pretreatment of the sample that includes several procedures, such as mixtures with solvents, ,,,− ,,, formation of emulsions, ,− ,, acid extractions, − ,,,,,, ashing or evaporation to dryness, ,,,− ,,,, and derivatizations. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric Determination of Zinc in Lubricating Oils

Ferreira

Barbeira

2009

Energy Fuels

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Anodic stripping voltammetry with a hanging mercury drop electrode was used to determine zinc in automotive lubricating oils. An experiment design was carried out in order to optimize the experimental conditions of ultrasonic extraction (20 mg of sample for 60 min), with the aid of heating (90 °C), HCl (2.0 mL), and H2O2 (2.0 mL). The procedure provided stripping waves with good repeatability and relatively small errors, with a determination limit of 6 mg kg−1, for only 30 s of deposition time, and results comparable to the ASTM D4951 method. Furthermore, the method dispenses with the use of toxic solvents, high purity reagents, or a sophisticated apparatus and is suitable for routine analyses of additives, as well as for used and unused lubricating oils (synthetic or mineral ones).

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Determination of calcium, barium and zinc in lubricating oils by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

XPS Analysis of Combustion Aerosols for Chemical Composition, Surface Chemistry, and Carbon Chemical State

XPS Analysis of Combustion Aerosols for Chemical Composition, Surface Chemistry, and Carbon Chemical State

Chemistry characterization of jet aircraft engine particulate matter by XPS: Results from APEX III

Voltammetric Determination of Zinc in Lubricating Oils

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