Determination of carbamate pesticides using micro-solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography

Basheer, Chanbasha; Alnedhary, Anass Ali; Rao, B. S. M.; Lee, Hian Kee

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.042

Cited by 115 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a variety of detection systems, including UV [3][4][5] and diode array spectrophotometry [2,6], fluorescence [1,7], chemiluminescence [8,9], and mass spectrometry [10], is the preferred choice for carbamate insecticide analysis. However, gas chromatography (GC) has also been reported for carbamate determination [11], but requires special condition to reduce thermal decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of choices have been proposed for pretreatment and/or preconcentration of carbamate residues in various matrices [17,18], such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [19], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [4,7,20], cloud-point extraction (CPE) [5,12,13], dispersive SPE (DSPE) [10], and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [2,3,6,21,22]. However, all these procedures are related only to aqueous matrices, quite time consuming and laborious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequential injection‐bead injection‐lab‐on‐valve coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography for online renewable micro‐solid‐phase extraction of carbamate residues in food and environmental samples

Vichapong

Burakham

Srijaranai

et al. 2011

J of Separation Science

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A sequential injection-bead injection-lab-on-valve system was hyphenated to HPLC for online renewable micro-solid-phase extraction of carbamate insecticides. The carbamates studied were isoprocarb, methomyl, carbaryl, carbofuran, methiocarb, promecarb, and propoxur. LiChroprep(®) RP-18 beads (25-40 μm) were employed as renewable sorbent packing in a microcolumn situated inside the LOV platform mounted above the multiposition valve of the sequential injection system. The analytes sorbed by the microcolumn were eluted using 80% acetonitrile in 0.1% acetic acid before online introduction to the HPLC system. Separation was performed on an Atlantis C-18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm) utilizing gradient elution with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength at 270 nm. The sequential injection system offers the means of performing automated handling of sample preconcentration and matrix removal. The enrichment factors ranged between 20 and 125, leading to limits of detection (LODs) in the range of 1-20 μg/L. Good reproducibility was obtained with relative standard deviations of <0.7 and 5.4% for retention time and peak area, respectively. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of carbamate residues in fruit, vegetable, and water samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential injection‐bead injection‐lab‐on‐valve coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography for online renewable micro‐solid‐phase extraction of carbamate residues in food and environmental samples

Vichapong

Burakham

Srijaranai

et al. 2011

J of Separation Science

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“…17,[30][31][32] The identification of these compounds in different matrices as well as their quantification are of interest in the criminal field since the number of human 3,17,[33][34][35][36] 53 or supercritical fluid extraction 54 followed by gas 20,50,[55][56][57][58][59][60] or liquid chromatography. 1,19,48,49,52,53,[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] The low volatility and the thermolability of these compounds and the high polarities of the transformation products obviously favor the use of column liquid chromatography (LC) as the separation technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Goulart¹,

Alves²,

Paula³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Carbamatos são os pesticidas mais frequentemente encontrados em alimentos e bebidas de coloração escura em casos de intoxicação acidental ou intencional. Neste trabalho, extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (LLE-LTP) foi otimizada e validada para determinação dos carbamatos aldicarb, carbofuran e carbaril em bebidas de sucos de uva e leite achocolatado. Este método envolve a extração com acetonitrila, partição líquido-líquido em baixa temperatura e análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção ultravioleta (HPLC-UV). O método é rápido, eficiente e de baixo custo, emprega pequenos volumes de solvente por amostra e não necessita de limpeza dos extratos. O método de extração foi seletivo e apresentou porcentagens de extração acima de 90%. As premissas relacionadas com os testes estatísticos de linearidade foram verificadas e confirmadas. O método de extração e análise foi validado com resultados satisfatórios e pode ser aplicado em análises de rotina e forenses.Carbamates are the pesticides most commonly found in dark colored foods and beverages in cases of accidental or intentional poisoning. In this work, the liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (LLE-LTP) was optimized and validated for determination of the carbamates aldicarb, carbofuran and carbaryl in grape juice and chocolate milk beverages. This method involved extraction with acetonitrile, liquid-liquid partition at low temperature and the analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The method is rapid, efficient and of low-cost, employing small volumes of solvent per sample and requiring no cleanup of the extracts. The extraction methodology was selective and presented recovery percentages above 90%. The premises related to the statistical linearity tests were checked and confirmed. The method of extraction and analysis was validated with satisfactory results, and may be applied in forensic and routine analysis Keywords: carbamates, low temperature partitioning, high performance liquid chromatography, sample preparation, validation IntroductionCarbamate insecticides are widely used in gardening and agriculture due to their broad spectrum of activity and relatively short environmental persistence. However, they are potentially toxic to humans, particularly in the context of intentional self-poisoning. 1,2 Carbamates are found as commercialized products for agricultural practices and some compounds of this group, with their respective commercial names are: carbaryl (Sevin ® ), aldicarb (Temik ® ) and carbofuran (Furadan ® ). From these, aldicarb stands out as the main target on the list of controlled pesticides of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) due to its elevated toxicity to mammals. 3,4 The maximum residue level (MRL) of aldicarb 5,6 and carbofuran 6 in water is 10 and 7 μg L -1 , respectively. In Goulart et al. 1155 Vol. 23, No. 6, 2012 milk, the MRLs established for aldicarb, 7,8 Exposures may occur accidentally, with ...

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“…Inserting extraction device within the sample solution could facilitate extraction process and the porous membrane acting as a filter to exclude the extraction of extraneous materials. This approach was successfully applied to the analysis of persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organophosporous pesticides and carbamate pesticides in complex matrices using various kinds of sorbents [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane protected conductive polymer as micro‐SPE device for the determination of triazine herbicides in aquatic media

Bagheri

Khalilian

Naderi

et al. 2010

J of Separation Science

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A micro-SPE technique was developed by fabricating a rather small package including a polypropylene membrane shield containing the appropriate sorbent. The package was used for the extraction of some triazine herbicides from aqueous samples. Solvent desorption was subsequently performed in a microvial and an aliquot of extractant was injected into GC-MS. Various sorbents including aniline-ortho-phenylene diamine copolymer, newly synthesized, polypyrrole, multiwall carbon nanotube, C18 and charcoal were examined as extracting media. Among them, conductive polymers exhibited better performance. Influential parameters including extraction and desorption time, desorption solvent and the ionic strength were optimized. The developed method proved to be rather convenient and offers sufficient sensitivity and good reproducibility. The detection limits of the method under optimized conditions were in the range of 0.01-0.04 ng/mL. The RSDs at a concentration level of 0.1 ng/mL were obtained between 4.5 and 9.3% (n=5). The calibration curves of analytes showed linearity in the range of 0.05-10 ng/mL. The developed method was successfully applied to the extraction of selected triazines from real water samples. The whole procedure showed to be conveniently applicable and quite easy to manipulate.

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Determination of carbamate pesticides using micro-solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 115 publications

References 35 publications

Sequential injection‐bead injection‐lab‐on‐valve coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography for online renewable micro‐solid‐phase extraction of carbamate residues in food and environmental samples

Sequential injection‐bead injection‐lab‐on‐valve coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography for online renewable micro‐solid‐phase extraction of carbamate residues in food and environmental samples

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Membrane protected conductive polymer as micro‐SPE device for the determination of triazine herbicides in aquatic media

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