Determination of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in various materials.

Crummett, Warren B.; Stehl, R. H.

doi:10.1289/ehp.730515

Cited by 77 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…38 Multiple ion detection (MID) GCMS with a Ryhage jet separator was used to determine the concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetra-CDD, hexa-CDD and octa-CDD in various chlorophenols, phenoxy acid herbicides and formulations.…”

Section: Electron Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The G C low resolution mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry are complementary techniques since, in most cases, the substances which interfere with one do not interfere with the ~t h e r .~~, '~, '~~ 7 8 values. 10,38,125 The problems caused by the presence of PCBs have been the most consistent difficulty in the determination of tetra-CDD in environmental samples. Since a resolution of approximately 10 000 is needed to mass resolve the interference, methods employing low resolution spectrometers are susceptible to m / z 322 interference.…”

Section: Interferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The mass spectrometry of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

Mahle

Shadoff

1982

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

All aspects of the use of mass spectrometry for the identification and quantitation of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins are critically reviewed. The mass spectra obtained by various ionization methods are discussed. Numerous mass spectral techniques and cleanup procedures are covered, with emphasis on their interrelationships. These techniques have been applied to the determination of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins in many different matrices, including product materials, such as chlorophenols and phenoxy acid herbicides, and toxicological and environmental materials such as cattle, fish, rodent and human tissues. Formation and degradation studies, which include thermal chemistry, photochemistry and chemical stability and degradation, are presented. Numerous considerations in the handling and quantitation of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, such as interferences, detection limits and recovery studies, are evaluated.

show abstract

Section: Electron Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mass spectrometry of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

Mahle

Shadoff

1982

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Analytical methods for the determina- Mono-MCDD 2 Di-DCDD 10 Tri-T3CDD 14 Tetro-TCDD 22 Penta-PCDD 14 Hexa-HCDD 10 Hepta-H7CDD 2 Octa-OCDD I tion of TCDD or other chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins have been evolving. We used primarily GC-MS for these determinations (6). By means of several liquid chromatographic (LC) cleanup procedures, we developed specific methods-for the determination of each of the tetra-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-compounds in environmental samples.…”

Section: Building Blocks For Chlorinated Dioxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Chemistries of Fire: A Source of Chlorinated Dioxins

Bumb

Crummett

Cutié

et al. 1980

Science

291

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New, highly specific and sensitive analytical methodology has been applied to the determination of chlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins in particulate matter. The results show that the dioxins are present in particles from many types of combustion sources and in dust and soil in the vicinity of combustion sources. The data indicate that chlorinated dioxins may occur in particulate matter from the combustion of most types of organic material, and suggest the hypothesis that chlorinated dioxins result from trace chemical reactions occurring in fire.

show abstract

“…TCDD can be formed as a by-product in the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol from 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene and therefore may occur as a contaminant of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and of other products which utilize chlorophenols or chlorobenzenes in their synthesis (2,6,7). Chlorinated dioxins have also been discovered in fly ash from municipal and industrial incinerators, an apparent result of incomplete combustion of organic chlorinated compounds (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Action of Toxic Halogenated Aromatics

Vickers¹,

Sloop²,

Lucier³

1985

Environmental Health Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

,3,7, and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons are a highly toxic class of environmental contaminants, as evidenced by numerous cases of accidental poisonings of human and animal populations and their extreme toxic potency in laboratory animals. The proposed model for the mechanism of action of TCDD and related compounds is analogous to that of the stereoid hormones, which modulate gene expression through a receptor mechanism. In the steroid receptor model, the compound enters the cell cytoplasm where it acts as a specific ligand, binding selectively to a high affinity receptor protein. Bound to the appropriate ligand, the receptor concentrates in the nucleus where its increased association with chromatin leads to altered gene expression. This model has been useful in characterizing the Ah receptor; however, it does not provide a unifying hypothesis for all biochemical and toxic effects associated with exposure to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Several findings suggest that a primary factor in determining TCDD toxicity might be tissue and species specific factors that control the actions of Ah receptor(s) in target tissues. Furthermore, numerous mechanisms might be involved. Clarifying the mechanism(s) for TCDD toxicity would enhance our ability to predict human health consequences to toxic halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and would provide a more rational basis for risk analysis.

show abstract

Determination of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in various materials.

Cited by 77 publications

References 13 publications

The mass spectrometry of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

The mass spectrometry of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

Trace Chemistries of Fire: A Source of Chlorinated Dioxins

Mechanism of Action of Toxic Halogenated Aromatics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About