Determination of Dominant Failure Modes Using FMECA on the Field Deployed c-Si Modules Under Hot-Dry Desert Climate

Shrestha, Sanjay; Mallineni, J.; Yedidi, K.; Knisely, Brett; Tatapudi, Sai; Kuitche, Joseph; TamizhMani, GovindaSamy

doi:10.1109/jphotov.2014.2366872

Cited by 48 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Reverse bias operation leads to heat‐dissipation in the reverse biased cell or cells, leading to cell heating, sometimes referred to as hot spots. Hot spots are ranked among the most significant degradation mode in solar modules …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Hot Spot Temperature Simulation for c‐Si Photovoltaic Modules

Qian

Thomson

Blakers

2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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A two‐step method to simulate the spatially resolved temperature of a partially shaded cell in a crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) module is presented and tested. First, an efficient module electronic simulation tool computes the operating conditions of a module's constituent cells. Second, a two‐dimensional finite‐element analysis simulation, utilizing forward‐, and revers‐bias electroluminescence measurements, is performed to spatially resolved cell temperature. With an outdoor experiment, un‐encapsulated cell temperatures are directly measured under controlled heat transfer conditions. A peak local cell temperature of 144 °C is observed on a multi crystalline silicon cell dissipating 54 W heat in the experiment, 57 °C higher than the result from a non‐spatially resolved simulation. Experimental results indicate cells without significant Ohmic shunts are suitable for temperature simulation with the aid of reverse bias electroluminescence imaging, which yields a maximum temperature prediction error of less than 15 °C. However, simulation for cells with significant Ohmic shunts is prone to underestimate the cell temperature by up to 45 °C. Multiple shading fractions from 12 to 80% lead to severe heating scenarios in such case.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Hot Spot Temperature Simulation for c‐Si Photovoltaic Modules

Qian

Thomson

Blakers

2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…There are numerous problems with the existing RPN evaluation method; the following issues directly affect the evaluation [4,18,19].…”

Section: Problems With the Existing Rpn Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RPN consists of three items: severity (S), occurrence (O), and detection (D). The value of each item is divided into 10 levels from 1 (bad) to 10 (good); the value of RPN is between 1 and 1000 and is obtained by the product of each item [17][18][19][20]: RPN = S × O × D. Figure 2 shows the meaning of each RPN item. S affects the customer in relation to the process or product when a potential failure occurs.…”

Section: Rpn Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Verification of Reliability Assessment Techniques for Fuel Cell-Based Hybrid Power System for Ships

Jeon

Park

Kim

2020

JMSE

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In order to secure the safe operation of the ship, it is crucial to closely examine the suitability from the design stage of the ship, and to set up a preliminary review and countermeasures for failures and defects that may occur during the construction process. In shipyards, the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) evaluation method using risk priority number (RPN) is used in the shipbuilding process. In the case of the conventional RPN method, evaluation items and criteria are ambiguous, and subjective factors such as evaluator’s experience and understanding of the system operate a lot on the same contents, resulting in differences in evaluation results. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the safety and reliability for ship application of the reliability-enhanced fuel cell-based hybrid power system by applying the re-established FMEA technique. Experts formed an FMEA team to redefine reliable assessment criteria for the RPN assessment factors severity (S), occurrence (O), and detection (D). Analyze potential failures of each function of the molten-carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) system, battery system, and diesel engine components of the fuel cell-based hybrid power system set as evaluation targets to redefine the evaluation criteria, and the evaluation criteria were derived by identifying the effects of potential failures. In order to confirm the reliability of the derived criteria, the reliability of individual evaluation items was verified by using the significance probability used in statistics and the coincidence coefficient of Kendall. The evaluation was conducted to the external evaluators using the reestablished evaluation criteria. As a result of analyzing the correspondence according to the results of the evaluation items, the severity was 0.906, the incidence 0.844, and the detection degree 0.861. Improved agreement was obtained, which is a significant result to confirm the reliability of the reestablished evaluation results.

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“…It has been well documented that the energy production of a PV module will decrease over time as a result of one or more degradation modes [2][3][4][5]. These degradation modes depend both on the module construction and use environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing metrology for c-Si module reliability and durability Part III: Module manufacturing

Davis

Rodgers

Scardera

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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This article is the third and final article in a series dedicated to reviewing each process step in crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) module manufacturing process: feedstock, crystallization and wafering, cell fabrication, and module manufacturing. The goal of these papers is to identify relevant metrology techniques that can be utilized to improve the quality and durability of the final product. The focus of this article is on the module manufacturing process. The c-Si PV module fabrication process can be divided into three primary areas; (1) stringing and tabbing, (2) lamination, and (3) integration of junction box and bypass diode(s). Each of these processing steps can impact the reliability and durability of PV modules in the field. The ultimate goal of this article is to identify appropriate metrology techniques and characterization methods that can be utilized within a module manufacturing facility to improve the reliability and durability of the final product. Additionally, a gap analysis is carried out to identify areas in need of further research and a discussion is provided that addresses new challenges for advanced materials and emerging technologies.

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Determination of Dominant Failure Modes Using FMECA on the Field Deployed c-Si Modules Under Hot-Dry Desert Climate

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

Two‐Dimensional Hot Spot Temperature Simulation for c‐Si Photovoltaic Modules

Two‐Dimensional Hot Spot Temperature Simulation for c‐Si Photovoltaic Modules

Comparison and Verification of Reliability Assessment Techniques for Fuel Cell-Based Hybrid Power System for Ships

Manufacturing metrology for c-Si module reliability and durability Part III: Module manufacturing

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