Determination of Duplex Doppler Ultrasound Criteria Appropriate to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial

Abstract

We conclude that > or = 70% carotid stenosis can be reliably determined by duplex Doppler ultrasound. Individual vascular laboratories must validate their own results.

Lumen reduction measurements of the internal carotid artery before and after Levovist enhancement: reproducibility and agreement with angiography.

“…12,31 Therefore, additional tests are required in order to refrain from carotid endarterectomy in patients who do not meet the criteria. These tests should be based preferably on linear lumen reduction measurements.…”

“…A good correlation between PSV values and angiographic findings has been reported in many studies. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] However, in a nonselected population of 1011 symptomatic patients from the NASCET, sensitivity and specificity for detecting 70 to 99% carotid stenosis were only 0.68 and 0.67, respectively, and even more important, PSV values did not correlate with the risk of stroke. 19 This indicates that patient selection cannot be performed on PSV values alone.…”

Carotid Atherosclerosis and Flow Mediated Dilatation in the Brachial Artery in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case-control Study

“…In each arterial district the IMT (in mm) and the extent of atherosclerotic lesions were assessed. If present they were expressed as a percentage of stenosis in the vascular lumen [5]. Another parameter considered useful in the early identification of subjects with increased cardiovascular risk is the Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD%).…”

“…This is measured by changes in artery diameter induced by "shear stress" that allows a good assessment of endothelial function through a non-invasive method. The value of the FMD% in the brachial and in the digital artery of non-dominant arm was considered as an index of endothelial dysfunction, by ultrasound wall tracking [5]. The experimental protocol was designed and performed according to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Ethical Committee and by Institutions review board of the Padua University Central Hospital.…”

Angiosurgical prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with multifocal atherosclerosis

“…Даже если учесть, что потенциальный источник эмболии не всегда может являться истинной причиной инсульта, эмболия в настоящее время рассма-тривается в качестве ведущего патогенетического меха-низма инсульта. Наиболее частой локализацией атеро-склеротического поражения являются область бифурка-ции общей сонной артерии (ОСА) и проксимальный от-дел внутренней сонной артерии (ВСА) [5,10,21,22]. Ате-росклеротическая патология нередко бывает сочетанной, при этом атеросклеротический стеноз развивается как в каротидной, так и в вертебрально-базилярной сосудистой системе с одной или с двух сторон, или атеросклеротиче-ский стеноз выявляется одновременно в разных отделах ВСА -в экстрацеребральном (проксимальный отдел ВСА) и в интракраниальном (сифон и в средней мозговой артерии).…”