Determination of early pregnancy in ewes utilizing transrectal ultrasonography

Schrick, F. N.; Inskeep, E. K.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(93)90267-9

Cited by 94 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The pregnancy rate determined in this study is similar to that determined by Tainturier et al (1983), Buckrell (1988), Haibel (1990), Aiumlamai et al (1992), Garcia et al (1993), Schrick & Inskeep (1993), Chalhoub (2000) and Padilla-Rivas et al (2005). This confirms the recommendations made by White et al (1984) on the use of transrectal ultrasound examination in sheep as being a precise, rapid and safe method.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to monitor early gestation in Santa Ines ewes by ultrasound in order to determine embryo and foetal loss, and to identify foetal sex. Ewes (n = 132) were submitted to controlled natural mating. For the purpose of pregnancy diagnosis and embryo monitoring we used transrectal ultrasound with a linear transducer (6.0 and 8.0 MHz). Pregnancy was diagnosed on day 30. On day 35 ultrasound examination was performed to determine embryo viability or loss. On days 40, 50 and 60 ultrasound examination was used to monitor foetal loss and to determine foetal sex, through identification of the genital tubercle or any external genital structure. Out of 118 pregnant ewes, 76 (64.4%) presented single pregnancy and 42 (35.6%) multiple pregnancy. Embryonic deaths occurred in 10.0% of the 160 monitored embryos: 5.6% (9/160) occurred during the embryonic phase and 4.4% (7/160) during the foetal phase, with no significant difference between them. Embryo loss was significantly lower in single pregnancies (3.9%, 3/76) compared to multiple pregnancies (15.5%, 13/84). Sexing accuracy on day 40 was significantly lower than on day 60. There was no difference between days 40 and 50, and between days 50 and 60. This study on Santa Ines sheep shows that ultrasound is a highly effective method for diagnosis of early pregnancy, determination of embryo and foetal loss, as well as foetal sexing after day 50 of pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

et al. 2010

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“…The sensitivity and specificity of the technique were high after Day 29 (Taverne et al 1985) reaching approximately 100% from Days 46 to 106 of gestation (White et al 1984;Fowler and Wilkins 1984;Davey 1986;Gearhart et al 1988). However, Logue et al (1987) reported a lower specificity on Days less than 40 to100 after mating ( Determination of the fetal number By using transrectal ultrasonography (7.5 MHz), single and multiple pregnancies in sheep were accurately (15 of 17 ewes) detected on Day 25 (Schrick and Inskeep 1993). However, the accuracy of a 5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography for detecting ewes carrying two fetuses or more was disappointing (Gearhart et al 1988; Table 7).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specificity of 7.5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography for diagnosing non-pregnancy was low during the first two months of gestation (Schrick and Inskeep 1993; Table 5). The false positive diagnoses were attributed to embryonic or fetal death.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using transrectal ultrasonography (7.5 MHz), embryonic vesicle of the pregnant Manchega dairy ewe was identified at Day 12.8 after mating, while the first visualization of the embryo was at Day 19 (Gonzalez et al 1998) or Day 20 (Schrick and Inskeep 1993). By using 5 MHz transrectal probe, the first signs of pregnancy in form of circular and elongated anaechoic images located in utero cranial to bladder were observed in ewe on Days 17 to 19 (Garcia et al 1993;Doize et al 1997), while embryo could be detected on Day 25 after mating (Buckrell et al 1986).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy Dagnosis in Sheep: Review of the Most Practical Methods

Karen¹,

Kovács²,

Beckers³

et al. 2001

Acta Vet. Brno

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Various practical methods have been used for pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Both pregnancy and fetal numbers are accurately diagnosed by using radiography after day 70 of gestation. Rectal abdominal technique detects pregnancy with an accuracy of 66 to 100% from d 49 to 109 of gestation, however, it has a low (17 to 57%) accuracy for determining multiple fetuses. Progesterone assays have a high sensitivity (88% to 100%) and a low specificity (60% to 72%) at d 16 to 18. Estrone sulphate assay accurately detects pregnant ewe at d 30 to 35. Ovine pregnancy specific protein B (PSPB) assay accurately (100%) detects pregnancy from d 26 after breeding onwards. The accuracy of progesterone, estrone sulphate and oPSPB assays for determining fetal numbers is relatively low. A-mode and Doppler ultrasonic techniques accurately detect pregnancy during the second half of gestation. Fetal numbers cannot be determined by A-mode ultrasound, while the Doppler technique needs experience to achieve high accuracy. Transrectal B-mode, real time ultrasonography identifies the embryonic vesicles as early as d 12.8 after mating, but the sensitivity of the technique for pregnancy is very low (12%) earlier than 25 d after mating. Transabdominal B-mode ultrasonography achieved high accuracy for pregnancy diagnosis (94% to 100%) and the determination of fetal numbers (92% to 99%) on d 29 to 106 of gestation. Realtime, B-mode ultrasonography appears to be the most practical and accurate method for diagnosing pregnancy and determining fetal numbers in sheep.

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“…The CRL was measured weekly from 28 to 63 days (4th to 9th week) of gestation in pregnant ewes and does (7.5 MHz freq.) that would be nearly consisted with Schrick and Inskeep (1993) who had measured the CRL of the ovine fetus from the day 20 to 40 of gestation and described the relationship between the CRL and the gestational age reporting a high correlation (r꞊0.94*) between the CRL and gestational age from the days 19 to 48 of gestation (Gonzalez et al, 1998). The measurement of the CRL had shown a steadily increase in both ewes and does weekly, and the average increase in the CRL were 13.98 ± 2.11 and 13.90 ± 2.31 mm /week in both ewes and does, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CIDR and Ultrasound-Fetometry Scan; Comparative Study Between Sheep and Goat in Egypt

Ahmed¹,

El-Naeim²,

Ibrahim³

2017

AJVS

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Key words:CIDR, CRL, BPD, FOD, Progesterone, PMSG, Ultrasound.The present study aims to evaluate the impact of controlled internal drug release (CIDR) in combination with prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) treatments on reproductive performance of dairy ewes and does besides, evaluation the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis during the breeding season. Twenty female animals divided as Ossimi ewes (n=10) and Baladi does (n=10) were subjected to ovsynch regimen. Ultrasonographic examinations were conducted weekly using realtime B-mode ultrasound scanner by transrectal linear and transabdominal convex probes starting from day 14 post service. This study showed that estrus response was 100% in both ewes and does. The conception rates were 90% in ewes and 80 % in does. The incidence of twining was higher in ewes when compared to that in does with incidence rate 67% and 50 in ewes and does, respectively. The accuracy of ultrasound examination for determining fetal number was 100% for single and twin pregnancy. The birth rate was 100 % for both species; and this was confirmed at lambing / kidding. In conclusion, our results indicate that using biotechnologies such as ovsynch regimen and pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasonography are useful to improve the management of reproduction in ewes and does.

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Determination of early pregnancy in ewes utilizing transrectal ultrasonography

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

Pregnancy Dagnosis in Sheep: Review of the Most Practical Methods

CIDR and Ultrasound-Fetometry Scan; Comparative Study Between Sheep and Goat in Egypt

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